Mr Ritesh Agarwal vs. State By Police Inspector

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CRL.P/4606/2023HC KarnatakaGSTCNR KAHC01026207202309 September 2025Bench: M.NAGAPRASANNA49 pages
For Petitioner: SRI SANDESH J.CHOUTA, SR.ADVOCATE A/W SRI SAMARTHA S., ADVOCATEFor Respondent: SRI B.N.JAGADEESHA, ADDL.SPP FOR R-1; SRI PRABHULING K.NAVADGI, SR.ADVOCATE A/W MS.SANJEEVINI NAVADGI, ADVOCATE FOR SRI BASAVARAJ PATIL AND SRI ANEESH A.SHANADE, ADVOCATES FOR R-2

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Cause title — parties, addresses and appearances
1 Reserved on : 08.07.2025 Pronounced on : 09.09.2025 IN THE HIGH COURT OF KARNATAKA AT BENGALURU DATED THIS THE 09TH DAY OF SEPTEMBER, 2025 BEFORE THE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE M. NAGAPRASANNA CRIMINAL PETITION No.4606 OF 2023 BETWEEN: 1 . MR.RITESH AGARWAL FOUNDER, OYO S/O LATE SHRI RAMESH AGARWAL AGED ABOUT 30 YEARS ADDRESS-4TH FLOOR, SPAZE PALAZO SECTOR-69 GURUGRAM – 122 002 HARYANA. 2 . MR.ANIKETH JAIN S/O DR.N.K.JAIN AGED ABOUT 36 YEARS ADDRESS-J 142, SJR PALAZZA CITY DODDAKANNELI BENGALURU – 560 035 KARNATAKA. 3 . MR.ANUJ TEJPAL DIRECTOR, OYO HOTELS AND HOMES PVT. LTD., S/O MR.SUDESH PAL AGED ABOUT 35 YEARS ADDRESS AT 4TH FLOOR, SPAZE PALAZO SECTOR-69 R 2 GURUGRAM – 122 002 HARYANA. 4 . MR.PRASUN CHOUDHARY EMPLOYEE OF OYO S/O MR LAKSHMIKANT CHOUDHARY AGED ABOUT 42 YEARS ADDRESS AT 4TH FLOOR, SPAZE PALAZO SECTOR-69 GURUGRAM – 122 002 HARYANA. 5 . OYO HOTELS AND HOMES PRIVATE LIMITED (FORMERLY ALCOTT TOWN PLANNERS PVT. LTD.,) ADDRESS AT 4TH FLOOR, SPAZE PALAZO SECTOR-69 GURUGRAM – 122 002 HARYANA. 6 . MYPREFERRED TRANSFORMATION AND HOSPITALITY PVT. LTD., ADDRESS AT-3RD FLOOR, ORCHID CENTRE SECTOR-53 GOLF COURSE ROAD VILLAGE HAIDERPUR VIRAN GURUGRAM – 122 002 HARYANA. ... PETITIONERS (BY SRI SANDESH J.CHOUTA, SR.ADVOCATE A/W SRI SAMARTHA S., ADVOCATE ) AND: 1 . STATE BY- POLICE INSPECTOR JAYANAGAR POLICE STATION REPRESENTED BY SPP HIGH COURT BUILDING BENGALURU – 560 001. 3 2 . MR.RAKESH PADACHORI S/O MR.P.JAGADISH AGED ABOUT 40 YEARS PARTNER OF M/S. JAGADISH NO.695, 10TH A MAIN 34 CROSS, 4TH BLOCK JAYANAGAR BENGALURU CITY – 560 011 KARNATAKA. ... RESPONDENTS (BY SRI B.N.JAGADEESHA, ADDL.SPP FOR R-1; SRI PRABHULING K.NAVADGI, SR.ADVOCATE A/W MS.SANJEEVINI NAVADGI, ADVOCATE FOR SRI BASAVARAJ PATIL AND SRI ANEESH A.SHANADE, ADVOCATES FOR R-2) THIS CRIMINAL PETITION IS FILED UNDER SECTION 482 OF CR.P.C., PRAYING TO QUASH THE ENTIRE PROCEEDINGS BEFORE HON’BLE IV ADDITIONAL CHIEF METROPOLITAN MAGISTRATE IN C.C.NO.10486/2023 PURSUANT TO THE FIRST INFORMATION REPORT FILED BY THE RESPONDENT NO.1 - SHO, JAYANAGAR POLICE STATION AGAINST THE PETITIONERS FOR OFFENCES P/U/S 34, 120-B, 406, 409, 417, 420, 427 AND 506 OF IPC, 1860. THIS CRIMINAL PETITION HAVING BEEN HEARD AND RESERVED FOR ORDERS ON 08.07.2025, COMING ON FOR PRONOUNCEMENT THIS DAY, THE COURT MADE THE FOLLOWING:- 4

CAV ORDER

The petitioners/accused 1 to 5 and 7 are at the doors of this Court calling in question entire proceedings in C.C.No.10486 of 2023 registered for offences punishable under Sections 120B, 406, 409, 417, 420, 427, 506 and 34 of the Indian Penal Code and pending before the IV Additional Chief Metropolitan Magistrate, Bengaluru.

2.

Sans details, facts germane are as follows: -

2.1.

The petitioners/accused and the 2nd respondent/ complainant entered into three separate Master Service Agreements (‘the Agreement’ for short) on 12-07-2019. The 5th petitioner/Oyo Hotels and Homes Private Limited was earlier known as Alcott Town Planners Private limited. The agreement was entered into between Alcott Town Planners Private limited and the 2nd respondent concerning three hotels. One of the hotels was M/s Jagadish hotel on Brigade Road. On 23-12-2018 a fire tragedy happens at the hotel. On 02-04-2019 a notice is issued by the Alcott Town Planners CORAM: THE HON'BLE MR JUSTICE M.NAGAPRASANNA

5 Private limited to the 2nd respondent to provide requisite safety certificate and licences pertaining to the hotel at Brigade Road. Another notice was followed to cure the breach and let unhindered access to the kitchen and other small areas of the premises in terms of the agreement. On 01-06-2019, it appears certain internal restructuring and transfer of business happen in the Alcott Town Planners Private limited. Rights and obligations of the three agreements were transferred to Mypreferred Transformation and Hospitality Private Limited. The new entity comes into effect from 1-06-2019. 2. 2. After the new entity comes over, a crime in Crime No.131 of 2019 comes to be registered by Oyo Hotels and Homes Private Limited against Jagadish and other partners alleging offences punishable under Sections 341, 342, 504, 506 and 34 of the IPC. Alcott Town Planners Private limited which was the earlier agreement holder files a petition under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act before the concerned Court against the complainant for causing constant obstruction in the business, notwithstanding the agreements between the parties. On

6 04-08-2019, a notice is issued invoking arbitration by the Alcott Town Planners Private limited and Justice A.V. Chandrashekar is appointed as an Arbitrator insofar as it concerns one of the hotels in the agreements. Likewise, several proceedings are instituted by the petitioners against the complainant or the complainant against the petitioners including a proceeding under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 in relation to Jagadish Hotel.

2.3.

During the pendency of these proceedings, the 2nd respondent/complainant registers the subject complaint on 17-01-2023 for the aforementioned offences. The Police, after investigation, file a charge sheet before the concerned Court and the concerned Court registers C.C.No.10486 of 2023. After registration of crime, the subject petition comes to be preferred. During subsistence of the subject petition, identical complaints instituted by several persons against the petitioners, all arising out of certain agreements, come to be quashed. Those crimes being quashed have become final. The petitioners are before this Court now seeking quashment of entire criminal proceedings on the score that they are an abuse of the process of law.

7

3.

Heard Sri Sandesh J. Chouta, learned senior counsel appearing for the petitioners, Sri B.N. Jagadeesha, learned Additional State Public Prosecutor appearing for respondent No.1 and Sri Prabhuling K. Navadgi, learned senior counsel appearing for respondent No.2. 4. The learned senior counsel Sri Sandesh J.Chouta appearing for the petitioners would vehemently contend that the case at hand is a classic illustration of a civil dispute being given a cloak of crime. The complaint is cleverly drafted with an ulterior motive. Therefore, it is his submission that this Court should go beyond the complaint and look into the conduct of the complainant. Similar cases instituted against these petitioners have been quashed by the coordinate Benches of this Court. Even if the complaint and the charge sheet are taken note of, they would not amount to offences under Section 406 or Section 420 of the IPC, as the entire issue has cropped up on a dispute with regard to three agreements. Arbitration dispute dealing with similar claims, as alleged in the complaint, is pending. The complainant has nothing to do with the present petitioners. They are dragged into the web of crime on the

8 ground that they are vicariously liable. There cannot be vicarious liability on personnel or Directors of a Company in criminal law. He would above all contend that summoning of the accused is a serious matter and should not be taken lightly at the asking. In all, he would seek quashment of entire proceedings.

5.

Per contra, the learned senior counsel Sri Prabhuling K.Navadgi appearing for the 2nd respondent/complainant would contend that, prima facie case is made out against the petitioners. It is no law that merely because arbitration is pending or civil cases are pending, criminal law must not be set into motion. The list of discrepancies with regard to ledger books and sales entries was found as is observed in the summary of the charge sheet. The accused/petitioners abandoned the three hotels, notwithstanding the agreements in order to maximize profits. OYO has been consistently engaging in unfair trade practices, particularly in its dealings with partner hotels. This also causes revenue loss to the Government due to lowered GST remittances, despite the fact that booking rates are inclusive of taxes. On all these grounds, the

9 learned senior counsel submits that the proceedings must be permitted to be continued.

6.

Both the respective learned senior counsel have relied on plethora of judgments of the Apex Court or this Court; all of which would bear consideration qua their relevance in the course of the order.

7.

The afore-narrated facts, link in the chain of events and dates are all a matter of record. Execution of three separate agreements between erstwhile company of OYO Hotels and Homes Private Limited and the 2nd respondent is a matter of record. The dispute arose when a notice was issued to the owner of Jagadish Hotel who was a party to the agreement on 02-4-2019. This forms the trigger point for all the dispute. The legal notice caused was complaining breach of management services under the agreements entered into on 12-07-2017. The crux of the notice lies in the following paragraphs:

10 “…. …. ….

14.

In view of the above, our client wishes to inform you that the above mentioned unfortunate acts by you amount to a severe breach of the terms of the Agreement and which has resulted in continuing business losses as well as loss of reputation and brand of our client.

In view thereof, we call upon you the addressee to immediately rectify all of the breaches on your part in the following manner:

a. Provide required completion certificate, occupation certificate and the fire safety no objections certificate for the Property so as to ensure the complete structural safety of the Property, at your cost.

b. Cease and desist from raising any unreasonable and unlawful demand for cost of repair / renovation of the Property, which is completely your responsibility under the Agreement.

C. Cease and desist from raising any unlawfull demands for Benchmark revenue under the Agreement, without first providing the required completion and occupation certificates and also the fire safety certificates for the Property.

We will look forward to hearing from you and compliance of above demands within 7 days of receipt of this notice, failing which our client will be constrained to take all appropriate actions against you, including and not limited to terminating the Agreement and claim/set off damages as per the mutually accepted terms of the Agreement and initiating appropriate proceedings for damages for loss of business, breach of Agreement by you, without any further notice to you.”

(Emphasis added)

11 Again, on 04-09-2019 a breach and cure notice is caused by the 6th respondent/Mypreferred Transformation and Hospitality Private Limited. Gist of the breach and cure notice is as follows: “…. …. …. In light of the foregoing, We serve You this Notice to cure breaches in accordance with clause 9.1.3 of the MSA within 30 days from the date of this Notice, failing which the termination of MSA shall become effective upon the expiry of aforementioned 30 days.

Upon termination becoming effective as aforesaid, You will immediately refund any and all amounts payable to Us (both currently or in the future) under the MSA without any delay or demur, including but not limited to the amounts under lock-in pay-outs, outstanding business advance & interest free security deposit paid to You, without any deductions therefrom, in accordance with the statement of account (hereinafter referred to as "Statement of Account") that will be shared with you. Simultaneously upon the payment of all the amounts due and payable by You as per the Statement of Account, OYO will hand-over the Property.

Additionally, upon termination, You would be required to allow access to personnel of OYO to remove all their wares, accessories, equipment, fixtures etc., from the Property, including and not limited to bedding material, mattresses, TV, bathroom robes/ towels, linen etc. and all such other and additional material, as is installed by Us.”

(Emphasis added)

A second breach and cure notice is issued in respect of hotel in Jayanagar. OYO replies to the said notice on 30-09-2019 by way of counter allegations. The reply reads as follows:

12 “…. …. …. We are surprised to receive this email. Firstly, we would like to point out that though the email is claimed to have been sent by 'TEAM OYO' (which we do not recognise), the attached letter is issued on the letterhead of Mypreferred Transformation and Hospitality Pvt. Ltd. ('Mypreferred'), with whom we have no contract or agreement. We had entered into a Management Services Agreement dated 12th July 2017 ('MSA') with Alcott Town Planners Private Limited ("Alcott") not Mypreferred Transformation and Hospitality Pvt. Ltd. Your letter is clearly therefore, misconceived, misleading and mala fide. We are therefore not obliged to enter into any correspondence with you much less reply to your baseless and misconceived email. This email is being sent only to set the record straight and without prejudice to our rights and claims under the aforesaid agreement and the law.

Be that as it may, the MSA being solely between us and Alcott, the question of there being any commercial arrangement/understanding between Mypreferred and us does not arise. Further, in your email/letter you also make reference to Clause 9.1.3 of the MSA, which does not exist in our MSA with Alcott, which further shows that your letter/email is baseless misconceived and vexatious.

Without prejudice to the foregoing, we vehemently deny the allegations and claims made in the above email that in the alleged absence of fulfillment of obligations from our side, continuance of operations is getting hampered. These are baseless and misconceived claims and allegations. Again, without prejudice, we deny that Alcott's operations in the Premises were ever hampered much less on account of alleged lack of any approvals/licenses. We deny any insinuation or allegation that we have ever breached our obligations under the MSA or that we are in violation of applicable law or that we have been asked us to comply with the same on several occasions. These allegations and claims are got up and Mypreferred or 'Team OYO' which is a unrecognised entity does not have the right to make them. We have not received any business advance or interest free security deposit, so the question of us

13 refunding such amounts does not arise. We also find it strange that you have mentioned that 'OYO' will handover the property to us upon termination and once all these amounts are paid without deduction, as OYO is not a separate entity as far as we are aware, in any case, as stated, our MSA is with Alcott which has vacated and abandoned the Hotel Premises abruptly for which it has exposed itself to substantial claims for damages, besides the benchmark revenue for the balance of the lock-in period.

We reserve our right to claim all these and other amounts due and owing from Alcott, due to the acts of omission and commission of Alcott.

Please finally note that our MSA being with Alcott, the question of our addressing or curing your 'breach and cure' notice does not arise, more so as Alcott has abandoned our Hotel Premises and the performance of the MSA with us.”

(Emphasis added)

Therefore, it is not in dispute that the issue between the two cropped up on breach of management service agreements or Master Service Agreements. The Master Service Agreements were three in number.

8.

A crime is registered by the 5th petitioner / OYO Hotels and Homes Private Limited, against Jagadish, the present complainant and other partners on 22-06-2019 in Crime No.131 of 2019. After registration of the crime, certain civil disputes by way of arbitration cropped up between the two. On 25-06-2019, the 5th petitioner files

14 a petition under Section 9 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act before the City Civil Court complaining of constant obstruction to its business. Later, it invokes the arbitration clause in the agreement and seeks to appoint Justice A.V. Chandrashekar as the sole Arbitrator. This was not accepted. But, Jagadish Hotel preferred Justice Ajit Gunjal to be appointed as an Arbitrator. The proceedings were taken up even under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code and several civil proceedings; arbitration proceedings were all instituted and pending at the relevant points in time. On 01-10-2024, a Civil Miscellaneous Petition filed by OYO Hotels comes to be allowed by appointing Justice C.R.Kumaraswamy as the sole Arbitrator, pursuant to which, arbitration proceedings have commenced and are pending.

9.

In the teeth of these arbitration disputes pending, the complainant registers the impugned complaint on 17-01-2023. Since the entire issue now triggered from the complaint, I deem it appropriate to notice the complaint. It reads as follows: “ರವೆ,

ೕ ಇ ೆಕ ಜಯನಗರ ೕ ಾೆ

15 ೆಂಗಳರುನಗರ,

ಇಂದ,

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ನಂತರ ',ಾಂಕ-12/07/2017 ರಂದು ನಮM 3ಾಕತXದ ಜಯನಗರದ 7ೋYೆ; ೆ ಅ6 ೇ? @ೈ , ಪ0ಸೂ Jೌಧ 7ಾಗೂ ಇತೆ ಜನರು ಬಂದು, £ÀªÀÄäUÀ½UÉ §tÚ §tÚzÀ ªÀiÁvÀÄUÀ¼À£ÀÄß ºÉý ನಂ&< ನಮM 3ಾಕತXದ 1) ನಂ-51, 11,ೇ ªÉÄÊ£ï, 4£Éà ¨ÁèPï dAiÀÄ£ÀUÀgÀ, ¨ÉAUÀ¼ÀÆgÀÄ – 560 011 gÀ°è ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ; , 2) ನಂ-124, &0ೆe ರHೆg, &0ೆe ಟವ ) ಎದುರು, ೆಂಗಳರು 560025 gÀ°è dUÀ¢Ã±ï ºÉÆÃmɯïì ºÁUÀÆ 3) £ÀA.1428, ¸ÉPÀÖgï – 7. ºÉZï.J¸ï.Dgï ¯ÉêÀmï,§ ೆಂಗಳರು-560102 ರ1, ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU ಅವರ Alcott Town Planners, Private Limited ಕಂಪ6ಯ @ೊ9ೆೆ ಪ0r 7ೋYೆ; ೆ ಪ09ೆ4ೕಕ*ಾ^ 03 3ಾ4,ೇG .ಂ= ಸ5ೕ) ಅ^0.ಂ= (MSA)ಅನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ರು9ಾgೆ. ಸದ 3ಾ4,ೇG

17 .ಂ= ಸ5ೕ) ಅ^0.ಂ= 9 ವಷ)ಗಳ ಅವˆಯನುU 7ೊಂ'ದುR, Oದಲ ಮೂರು ವಷ)ದ fಾ‚ಂd ಅವˆಯನುU ನಮೂದು 3ಾಡfಾ^ರುತgQೆ. 7ಾಗೂ 7ೆi.ಎ .ಆ fೇಔ= ನ 7ೋYೆ; ೆ 7 ಲ‰, ಜಯನಗರದ 7ೋYೆ; ೆ 14.5 ಲ‰ 7ಾಗೂ &0ೆe ರHೆgಯ 7ೋYೆ; ೆ 24.5 ಲ‰ ೆಂi 3ಾ2) ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ಅನುU ಪ0r rಂಗಳh 6ೕಡೇ ೆಂದು ನಮೂದು 3ಾಡfಾ^ರುತgQೆ. ಸದ fಾ‚ಂd ಅವˆಯಂ9ೆ Alcott Town Planners, Private Limited ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ನಮM 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU Oದಲ ಮೂರು ವಷ)ಗಳ ಮುಂJೆŠೕ ‹ಾ 3ಾ[ದೆ ಸದ 3 ವಷ)ಗNೆ Hೇದ ೆಂi 3ಾ2) ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ಅನುU ನಮMಗNೆ ಾವr 3ಾಡೇ ಾ^ರುತgQೆ. 7ಾಗೂ ಒಟು ವ4ವ7ಾರದ1 ನಮMಗNೆ 10% ŒೇರನುU ಸಹ 6ೕಡೇ ೆಂದು 7ಾಗೂ ಇತೆ ಕಂ[ೕಷ ಗcಾದ ©æÃ• & ಕೂ0, ಟ|),ೇಷ , fೇ= ೇ.ಂ= 7ಾಗೂ ಇತೆ ಕಂ[ೕಷ ಗNೆ ಒVZ ,ಾವlಗಳh 7ಾಗೂ Alcott Town Planners, Private Limited PÀA¥À¤AiÀÄ DxÀgÉÊdqï ¹UÉßÃljAiÀiÁzÀ ¥Àæ¸ÀÆ£ï ZËzÀj gÀªÀgÀÄ F ¸ÁÖ¥sï ¥ÉÃ¥Àgï£À°è CVæªÉÄAmï C£ÀÄß ªÀiÁr ¸À»AiÀÄ£ÀÄß ªÀiÁrgÀÄvÉÛêÉ.

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18 ೇಸನುU ೇಸನುU ೇಸನುU ೇಸನುU 6ೕ[ 6ೕ[ 6ೕ[ 6ೕ[ ಎB ಎB ಎB ಎB.ಐ.ಆ ಆ ಆ ಆ ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU Qಾಖಲು Qಾಖಲು Qಾಖಲು Qಾಖಲು 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ. ಸದ ಸದ ಸದ ಸದ ಪ0ಕರಣವl ಪ0ಕರಣವl ಪ0ಕರಣವl ಪ0ಕರಣವl ಸುಳh\ ಸುಳh\ ಸುಳh\ ಸುಳh\ ಪ0ಕರಣ*ಾದRಂದ ಪ0ಕರಣ*ಾದRಂದ ಪ0ಕರಣ*ಾದRಂದ ಪ0ಕರಣ*ಾದRಂದ ೕಸರು ೕಸರು ೕಸರು ೕಸರು & ಅಂrಮ ಅಂrಮ ಅಂrಮ ಅಂrಮ ವರ'ಯನುU ವರ'ಯನುU ವರ'ಯನುU ವರ'ಯನುU 3ಾನ4 3ಾನ4 3ಾನ4 3ಾನ4 ,ಾ4jಾಲಯ ೆb ,ಾ4jಾಲಯ ೆb ,ಾ4jಾಲಯ ೆb ,ಾ4jಾಲಯ ೆb ಸ1<ರು9ಾgೆ ಸ1<ರು9ಾgೆ ಸ1<ರು9ಾgೆ ಸ1<ರು9ಾgೆ.

',ಾಂಕ -09-09-2019 gÀAzÀÄ sob.patnerssupport@oyorooms.com JA§ EªÉÄïï ಐ[”ಂದ ಒಂದು ಪತ0ವನುU ಕಳhs< ಸದ ಪತ0ದ1 ,ಾವlಗಳh ಅವೆ ಒಂದು rಂಗಳ ಒಳಾ^ ಅವೆ ನಮM 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳ Yೆ0ೕe fೈHೆ , ಫಯ ಎ .ಓ.< 7ಾಗೂ ’ಾE ಅಂe J¸ÁÖ©èµï .ಂ= fೈHೆ ಗಳನುU 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ ಇಲ1'ದRೆ ನಮMಗಳ @ೊ9ೆ 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡ ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅನುU ಾ4ನ ; 3ಾಡುವlQಾ^ rN<ರು9ಾgೆ. ಆದೆ ',ಾಂಕ-11/09/2019 ರಂದು OYO ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ನಮMಗNೆ jಾವlQೇ 3ಾsrಯನುU 6ೕಡQೆ ನಮM 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU &ಟು ಓ[ 7ೋ^ರು9ಾgೆ. ಈ 3ಾsrಯು ಅವರು ಓ[ 7ೋದ 3 'ನಗಳ ನಂತರ ನಮMಗNೆ 3ಾsrಯು ಲಭ4*ಾ^ದುR ,ಾವlಗಳh 7ೋYೆ; ಗNೆ 7ೋ^ ,ೋಡfಾ^ 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳ1 OYO ಕಂಪ6ಯ jಾವlQೇ ,ೌಕರನು, jಾವlQೇ ಾ0ಹಕನು ಇರಲ1... 7ೋYೆ; ರೂಮುಗಳನುU ಪ•ೕಲ,ೆ 3ಾಡfಾ^ ,ಾವlಗಳh ಅಳವ[<ದR Vೕೋಪಕರಣಗಳh, 7ಾ<ೆಗಳh, ಬYೆಗಳh, o.5 ಗಳh 7ಾಗೂ ಇತೆ ಎfೆQÖçಕ; ಉಪಕರಣಗಳh, 7ೋYೆ; ನ >ೈ ೆ  Cಸ ಗಳh, —ಾರಂ-< Cಸ, ಅ ೌಂ= ಬು2 ಗಳh 7ಾಗೂ ಇತೆ ಪ0ಮುಖ Qಾಖfೆಗಳh ಾೆjಾ^ದRವl. 7ಾಗೂ ೆಲವl ಉಪಕರಣಗಳh 7ಾcಾ^ದRವl. ಆನಂತರ ,ಾವl OYO ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಪ0ˆ6ˆಗcಾದ ಅ6 ೇ? @ೈ , ಅನೂG 9ೇG ಾ; 7ಾಗೂ ಪ0ಸೂ Jೌದ ರವರನುU ಸಂಪ‚)ಸಲು ಪ0ಯrUಸfಾ^ jಾವlQೇ ವ4‚gಗಳh ನಮMಗಳ ಸಂಪಕ) ೆb <‚bರುವl'ಲ1. ಆದRಂದ ,ಾನು ',ಾಂಕ-19-09-2019 ರಂದು ಇ.ೕ; ಅನುU 3ಾ[ 5ವರಗಳನುU ೇಳfಾ^ ಅವರುಗಳಯ jಾವlQೇ ಉತgರವನುU 6ೕ[ರುವl'ಲ1. ಆದRಂದ ,ಾನು ',ಾಂಕ-19/09/2019 ರಂದು ಜಯನಗರ ೕ ಾೆಯ1 7ಾಗೂ ',ಾಂಕ-20/09/2019 ರಂದು 7ೆi.ಎ .ಆ fೇಔ= ೕ ಾೆಯ1 ದೂರನುU 6ೕ[ರು9ೆgೕ,ೆ. ಆದರೂ ಆೋVಗಳ 5ರುದ˜ jಾವlQೇ ಕ0ಮ ಆ^ರುವl'ಲ1. ಆನಂತರ ,ಾವlಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳ ಕೃತ4ದ ಬೆ` 5Jಾರೆ 3ಾಡfಾ^ ಅವರುಗಳh ೆಂಗಳನŠೕ ಇನೂU ಹಲ*ಾರು ಜನೆ ನಮMಗಳ 7ಾೆŠೕ OೕಸವನುU 3ಾ[ರುವlದು rNದುಬಂ'ರುತgQೆ. ಆೋVಗಳ ಈ ಕೃತ4'ಂದ ನಮMಗNೆ ಇ1ಯ ವೆೆ 17.4 ೋo ರೂಗಳ ನಷವನುU ಉಂಟು3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ.

ನ*ೆಂಬ ನ*ೆಂಬ ನ*ೆಂಬ ನ*ೆಂಬ 2019,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ rಂಗಳ1 rಂಗಳ1 rಂಗಳ1 rಂಗಳ1 OYO ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯªÀgÀÄ £ÀªÀÄäUÀ½UÉ EªÉÄïï MAzÀ£ÀÄß PÀ¼ÀÄ»¹ Alcott Town Planners, Private Limited ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ನಮMಗಳ ನಮMಗಳ ನಮMಗಳ ನಮMಗಳ @ೊ @ೊ @ೊ @ೊ9ೆ9ೆ9ೆ9ೆ 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[zÀÝ MqÀA§rPÉAiÀÄ ºÀPÀÄÌUÀ¼À£ÀÄß Mypreferred Transformation and Hospitality Private Limited ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ ಈ ಬೆ` ಬೆ` ಬೆ` ಬೆ` ',ಾಂಕ ',ಾಂಕ ',ಾಂಕ ',ಾಂಕ-30-04-2019 ರಂದು ರಂದು ರಂದು ರಂದು ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ಇ.ೕ; ಇ.ೕ; ಇ.ೕ; ಇ.ೕ; ಮೂಲಕ ಮೂಲಕ ಮೂಲಕ ಮೂಲಕ 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ ಸುಳh\ ಸುಳh\ ಸುಳh\ ಸುಳh\ 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU 6ೕ[ರು9ಾgೆ 6ೕ[ರು9ಾgೆ 6ೕ[ರು9ಾgೆ 6ೕ[ರು9ಾgೆ. ಆದೆ ಆದೆ ಆದೆ ಆದೆ OYO ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ಕಂಪ6ಯವರು ',ಾಂ ',ಾಂ ',ಾಂ ',ಾಂಕ-30-04-2019 Mypreferred Transformation and Hospitality Private Limited ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ನಮM ನಮM ನಮM ನಮM 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ;

19 ನ ಹಕುbಗಳನುU ಹಕುbಗಳನುU ಹಕುbಗಳನುU ಹಕುbಗಳನುU 6ೕ[ರುವ 6ೕ[ರುವ 6ೕ[ರುವ 6ೕ[ರುವ ಬೆ` ಬೆ` ಬೆ` ಬೆ` jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ ಇ.ೕ; ಇ.ೕ; ಇ.ೕ; ಇ.ೕ; ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ಬಂ'ರುವl'ಲ1 ಬಂ'ರುವl'ಲ1 ಬಂ'ರುವl'ಲ1 ಬಂ'ರುವl'ಲ1 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG .ಂ= .ಂ= .ಂ= .ಂ= ಸ5ೕ) ಸ5ೕ) ಸ5ೕ) ಸ5ೕ) ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= (MSA) ಷರತುgಗಳಂ9ೆ ಷರತುgಗಳಂ9ೆ ಷರತುgಗಳಂ9ೆ ಷರತುgಗಳಂ9ೆ ನಮMಗಳ ನಮMಗಳ ನಮMಗಳ ನಮMಗಳ ಅನುಮr”ಲ1Qೆ ಅನುಮr”ಲ1Qೆ ಅನುಮr”ಲ1Qೆ ಅನುಮr”ಲ1Qೆ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ ಮೂರ,ೇ ಮೂರ,ೇ ಮೂರ,ೇ ಮೂರ,ೇ ವ4‚g ವ4‚g ವ4‚g ವ4‚g 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಹಕುbಗಳನುU ಹಕುbಗಳನುU ಹಕುbಗಳನುU ಹಕುbಗಳನುU ವಾ)ವೆ ವಾ)ವೆ ವಾ)ವೆ ವಾ)ವೆ 3ಾಡಲು 3ಾಡಲು 3ಾಡಲು 3ಾಡಲು Hಾಧ45ಲ1 Hಾಧ45ಲ1 Hಾಧ45ಲ1 Hಾಧ45ಲ1 ಎಂದು ಎಂದು ಎಂದು ಎಂದು rN<ರು9ೆgೕ*ೆ rN<ರು9ೆgೕ*ೆ rN<ರು9ೆgೕ*ೆ rN<ರು9ೆgೕ*ೆ.

sೕೆ sೕೆ sೕೆ sೕೆ OYO ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ 3ಾೕಕರು 3ಾೕಕರು 3ಾೕಕರು 3ಾೕಕರು 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ CEO ಆದ ಆದ ಆದ ಆದ 9ೇ! 9ೇ! 9ೇ! 9ೇ! ಅಗ ಅಗ ಅಗ ಅಗ *ಾ; *ಾ; *ಾ; *ಾ; 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ ಸದ ಸದ ಸದ ಸದ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಅ<ಸಂ= ಅ<ಸಂ= ಅ<ಸಂ= ಅ<ಸಂ= *ೈ *ೈ *ೈ *ೈ ಪ0<>ೆಂ= ಪ0<>ೆಂ= ಪ0<>ೆಂ= ಪ0<>ೆಂ= ಆದ ಆದ ಆದ ಆದ ಅ6 ೇ? ಅ6 ೇ? ಅ6 ೇ? ಅ6 ೇ? @ೈ @ೈ @ೈ @ೈ , AೕB AೕB AೕB AೕB &C,ೆ &C,ೆ &C,ೆ &C,ೆ >ೆವಲE >ೆವಲE >ೆವಲE >ೆವಲE .ಂ= .ಂ= .ಂ= .ಂ= ಆFೕಸ ಆFೕಸ ಆFೕಸ ಆFೕಸ ಅನೂG ಅನೂG ಅನೂG ಅನೂG 9ೇG 9ೇG 9ೇG 9ೇG ಾ; ಾ; ಾ; ಾ;, ಪ0Hೆ>ೆಂ= ಪ0Hೆ>ೆಂ= ಪ0Hೆ>ೆಂ= ಪ0Hೆ>ೆಂ= OYO ಇಂಟ ಇಂಟ ಇಂಟ ಇಂಟ ,ಾ4ಷನ; ,ಾ4ಷನ; ,ಾ4ಷನ; ,ಾ4ಷನ; ಆದ ಆದ ಆದ ಆದ ಪ0ಸೂ ಪ0ಸೂ ಪ0ಸೂ ಪ0ಸೂ Jೌದ Jೌದ Jೌದ Jೌದ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ ಇತರರು ಇತರರು ಇತರರು ಇತರರು ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ Oೕಸ Oೕಸ Oೕಸ Oೕಸ 3ಾಡುವ 3ಾಡುವ 3ಾಡುವ 3ಾಡುವ ಉQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ ಉQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ ಉQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ ಉQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ ಒಳಸಂಚನುU ಒಳಸಂಚನುU ಒಳಸಂಚನುU ಒಳಸಂಚನುU ರೂV< ರೂV< ರೂV< ರೂV< ೆಂಗಳನ ೆಂಗಳನ ೆಂಗಳನ ೆಂಗಳನ ನಮMಗಳನುU ನಮMಗಳನುU ನಮMಗಳನುU ನಮMಗಳನುU ನಂ&< ನಂ&< ನಂ&< ನಂ&< ನಮM ನಮM ನಮM ನಮM 3ಾೕಕತXದ 3ಾೕಕತXದ 3ಾೕಕತXದ 3ಾೕಕತXದ 3 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳ ಗಳ ಗಳ ಗಳ @ೊ9ೆ @ೊ9ೆ @ೊ9ೆ @ೊ9ೆ ಒಪZಂದವನುU ಒಪZಂದವನುU ಒಪZಂದವನುU ಒಪZಂದವನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು ನಮM ನಮM ನಮM ನಮM 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU ಗಳನುU ಗಳನುU ಗಳನುU ಅವೆ ಅವೆ ಅವೆ ಅವೆ ಇJೆŽಬಂದಂ9ೆ ಇJೆŽಬಂದಂ9ೆ ಇJೆŽಬಂದಂ9ೆ ಇJೆŽಬಂದಂ9ೆ ಉಪšೕ^< ೊಂಡು ಉಪšೕ^< ೊಂಡು ಉಪšೕ^< ೊಂಡು ಉಪšೕ^< ೊಂಡು ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= ನ1 ನ1 ನ1 ನ1 ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು 3ಾ[ 3ಾ[ 3ಾ[ 3ಾ[ದ ಷರತುgಗಳಂ9ೆ ಷರತುgಗಳಂ9ೆ ಷರತುgಗಳಂ9ೆ ಷರತುgಗಳಂ9ೆ ನ>ೆದು ೊಳ\Qೆ ನ>ೆದು ೊಳ\Qೆ ನ>ೆದು ೊಳ\Qೆ ನ>ೆದು ೊಳ\Qೆ, &C,ೆ &C,ೆ &C,ೆ &C,ೆ 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ರೂ ರೂ ರೂ ರೂ ಅಕ0ಮ ಅಕ0ಮ ಅಕ0ಮ ಅಕ0ಮ fಾಭವನುU fಾಭವನುU fಾಭವನುU fಾಭವನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು ನಂ& ೆ ನಂ& ೆ ನಂ& ೆ ನಂ& ೆ Qೊ0ೕಹವನುU Qೊ0ೕಹವನುU Qೊ0ೕಹವನುU Qೊ0ೕಹವನುU ಎಸ^ ಎಸ^ ಎಸ^ ಎಸ^ OೕಸವನುU OೕಸವನುU OೕಸವನುU OೕಸವನುU 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ. ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ 6ೕಡೇ ಾದ 6ೕಡೇ ಾದ 6ೕಡೇ ಾದ 6ೕಡೇ ಾದ ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ ಇ1ಯ ಇ1ಯ ಇ1ಯ ಇ1ಯ ವೆೆ ವೆೆ ವೆೆ ವೆೆ ಮನ5ಯನುU ಮನ5ಯನುU ಮನ5ಯನುU ಮನ5ಯನುU 3ಾಡು9ಾg 3ಾಡು9ಾg 3ಾಡು9ಾg 3ಾಡು9ಾg ಬಂ'ದRರೂ ಬಂ'ದRರೂ ಬಂ'ದRರೂ ಬಂ'ದRರೂ ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU *ಾಪಸು *ಾಪಸು *ಾಪಸು *ಾಪಸು 6ೕಡದ 6ೕಡದ 6ೕಡದ 6ೕಡದ ಾರಣ ಾರಣ ಾರಣ ಾರಣ ಈ 'ನ ತಡ*ಾ^ ತಡ*ಾ^ ತಡ*ಾ^ ತಡ*ಾ^ ಬಂದು ಬಂದು ಬಂದು ಬಂದು ದೂರನುU ದೂರನುU ದೂರನುU ದೂರನುU 6ೕಡುrgರು9ೆgೕ,ೆ 6ೕಡುrgರು9ೆgೕ,ೆ 6ೕಡುrgರು9ೆgೕ,ೆ 6ೕಡುrgರು9ೆgೕ,ೆ. ಈ .ೕಲbಂಡ .ೕಲbಂಡ .ೕಲbಂಡ .ೕಲbಂಡ ಆHಾ|ಗಳ ಆHಾ|ಗಳ ಆHಾ|ಗಳ ಆHಾ|ಗಳ 5ರುದ˜ 5ರುದ˜ 5ರುದ˜ 5ರುದ˜ ಕಲಂ ಕಲಂ ಕಲಂ ಕಲಂ 406, 409, 417, 420, 427, 120(&), 506, 34 ಐV< ಐV< ಐV< ಐV< ರಂ9ೆ ರಂ9ೆ ರಂ9ೆ ರಂ9ೆ ಪ0ಕರಣವನುU ಪ0ಕರಣವನುU ಪ0ಕರಣವನುU ಪ0ಕರಣವನುU Qಾಖ< Qಾಖ< Qಾಖ< Qಾಖ< ಾನೂನು ಾನೂನು ಾನೂನು ಾನೂನು ಕ0ಮವನುU ಕ0ಮವನುU ಕ0ಮವನುU ಕ0ಮವನುU ಜರು^< ಜರು^< ಜರು^< ಜರು^< ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ನಮMಗNೆ ,ಾ4ಯವನುU ,ಾ4ಯವನುU ,ಾ4ಯವನುU ,ಾ4ಯವನುU ಒದ^< ೊಡೇ ೆಂದು ಒದ^< ೊಡೇ ೆಂದು ಒದ^< ೊಡೇ ೆಂದು ಒದ^< ೊಡೇ ೆಂದು ತಮM1 ತಮM1 ತಮM1 ತಮM1 5ನಂr 5ನಂr 5ನಂr 5ನಂr 3ಾಡು9ೆgೕ,ೆ 3ಾಡು9ೆgೕ,ೆ 3ಾಡು9ೆgೕ,ೆ 3ಾಡು9ೆgೕ,ೆ.

ಇಂr ತಮM 5’ಾX< ¸À»/-”

(Emphasis added)

The narration in the complaint is only with regard to agreements, their breach and alleged loss caused to the complainant, on account of certain breaches of clauses of the agreement. But, the colour given was criminal breach of trust and cheating. The Police conduct investigation and the result of investigation is filing of the charge sheet. The summary of the charge sheet so filed reads as follows:

20 “17. PÉù£À ಸಂ›ಪg Hಾಾಂಶ

ಈ QೋŒಾೋಪೆ ಪoಯ ಾಲಂ-14 ರ1, ನಮೂ'<ರುವ Hಾ›-1 ರವರು ಕುಟುಂಬವl ೆಂಗಳರುನಗರ ಜಯನಗರ 4,ೇ o ¨Áè2, 11,ೇ ªÀÄÄRå ರHೆgಯ1ರುವ ನಂ-51 ಕಟಡದ1, .ೕ|| ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ¯ïì JAಬ 7ೆಸನ1, ಕJೇಯನುU 7ೊಂ'ದುR ೆಂಗಳನ 55ಧ ಸœಳಗಳ1, 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU 7ೊಂ'ದುR, ಸದ 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳ1, ೋ[ಂ)d ಅಂe fಾrÓAd ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ರು9ಾgೆ, ಾಲಂ ನಂಬ-12 ರ1, ನಮೂದು 3ಾ[ರುವ ಎ-1 ಆೋVಯು OYO Rooms ಾ0ಂ[ನ ಸಂHಾœಪಕಾ^ದುR, ಎ-2 ಆೋVಯು ಎ-5 ಆೋVತ ಕಂಪ6ಯ *ೈ

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Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ›-1 ರವರು ರವರು ರವರು ರವರು ಕಳhs<ದ ಕಳhs<ದ ಕಳhs<ದ ಕಳhs<ದ ಎfಾ1 ಎfಾ1 ಎfಾ1 ಎfಾ1 Qಾಖfೆಗಳ Qಾಖfೆಗಳ Qಾಖfೆಗಳ Qಾಖfೆಗಳ ಆ ಾರದ ಆ ಾರದ ಆ ಾರದ ಆ ಾರದ .ೕೆೆ .ೕೆೆ .ೕೆೆ .ೕೆೆ ಎ-2, ಎ-3 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ ಎ-4 ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ',ಾಂಕ ',ಾಂಕ ',ಾಂಕ ',ಾಂಕ-12/07/2017 ರಂದು ರಂದು ರಂದು ರಂದು Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ›-1 ರವರು ರವರು ರವರು ರವರು ೆಂಗಳನ ೆಂಗಳನ ೆಂಗಳನ ೆಂಗಳನ ಜಯನಗರದ ಜಯನಗರದ ಜಯನಗರದ ಜಯನಗರದ 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; ೆೆೆೆ ಬಂದು ಬಂದು ಬಂದು ಬಂದು Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ›-1 ರವರ ರವರ ರವರ ರವರ @ೊ9ೆೆ @ೊ9ೆೆ @ೊ9ೆೆ @ೊ9ೆೆ 3ಾತುಕ9ೆಯನುU 3ಾತುಕ9ೆಯನುU 3ಾತುಕ9ೆಯನುU 3ಾತುಕ9ೆಯನುU 3ಾ[ 3ಾ[ 3ಾ[ 3ಾ[ 1)ನಂ ನಂ ನಂ ನಂ-51, 11,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ ಮುಖ4 ಮುಖ4 ಮುಖ4 ಮುಖ4 ರHೆg ರHೆg ರHೆg ರHೆg, 4,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ o -¨Áè2 ಜಯನಗರ ಜಯನಗರ ಜಯನಗರ ಜಯನಗರ ರ ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; , ೆೆೆೆ ಪ0r ಪ0r ಪ0r ಪ0r rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh 14,50,000/- ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ಅ£ÀÄß 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^, 2) ನಂ ನಂ ನಂ ನಂ-124, &0ೆe &0ೆe &0ೆe &0ೆe ಟವ ) ಟವ ) ಟವ ) ಟವ ) ಎದುರು ಎದುರು ಎದುರು ಎದುರು, ’ೆ¡ೕfೆ ’ೆ¡ೕfೆ ’ೆ¡ೕfೆ ’ೆ¡ೕfೆ ಸಕ); ಸಕ); ಸಕ); ಸಕ); ಹrgರ ಹrgರ ಹrgರ ಹrgರ, &0ೆe &0ೆe &0ೆe &0ೆe ರHೆgಯ ರHೆgಯ ರHೆgಯ ರHೆgಯ ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; ೆೆೆೆ ಪ0r ಪ0r ಪ0r ಪ0r rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh 24,50,000/- ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ ನಂ ನಂ ನಂ ನಂ-1428, 21,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ ಾ0 ಾ0 ಾ0 ಾ0 , 4,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ ,ೇ ಮುಖ4 ಮುಖ4 ಮುಖ4 ಮುಖ4 ರHೆg ರHೆg ರHೆg ರHೆg, 7ೆi 7ೆi 7ೆi 7ೆi.ಎ ಎ ಎ ಎ .ಆ ಆ ಆ ಆ fೇಔ= fೇಔ= fೇಔ= fೇಔ= Hೆಕ Hೆಕ Hೆಕ Hೆಕ-07 ನ ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; ೆೆೆೆ ಪ0r ಪ0r ಪ0r ಪ0r rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh 7,00,000/- ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ರೂಗಳ ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 6ೕಡುವlQಾ^ 9 ವಷ)ಗಳ ವಷ)ಗಳ ವಷ)ಗಳ ವಷ)ಗಳ ಅವˆೆ ಅವˆೆ ಅವˆೆ ಅವˆೆ 3 ವಷ)ಗಳ ವಷ)ಗಳ ವಷ)ಗಳ ವಷ)ಗಳ ಅವˆಯ ಅವˆಯ ಅವˆಯ ಅವˆಯ fಾ‚ಂd fಾ‚ಂd fಾ‚ಂd fಾ‚ಂd Vಯe Vಯe Vಯe Vಯe ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ. ಎ-6 ಆೋVತ ಆೋVತ ಆೋVತ ಆೋVತ ಕಂಪ6jಾದ ಕಂಪ6jಾದ ಕಂಪ6jಾದ ಕಂಪ6jಾದ Alcott Town Planners Pvt Ltd ಎಂಬ ಎಂಬ ಎಂಬ ಎಂಬ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ ಕಂಪ6ಯ 7ೆಸ 7ೆಸ 7ೆಸ 7ೆಸj£À°è 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG .ಂ= .ಂ= .ಂ= .ಂ= ಸ5ೕ) ಸ5ೕ) ಸ5ೕ) ಸ5ೕ) ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= ಅ^0.ಂ= (MSA) ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU ಅನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು ಎ-4 ಆೋVಯು ಆೋVಯು ಆೋVಯು ಆೋVಯು ಸsಯನುU ಸsಯನುU ಸsಯನುU ಸsಯನುU 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ. ಈ ಸಮಯದ ಸಮಯದ ಸಮಯದ ಸಮಯದ°èAiÉÄà ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಇತೆ ಇತೆ ಇತೆ ಇತೆ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU 6ೕಡಲು 6ೕಡಲು 6ೕಡಲು 6ೕಡಲು ಸೂA<ರುವl'ಲ1 ಸೂA<ರುವl'ಲ1 ಸೂA<ರುವl'ಲ1 ಸೂA<ರುವl'ಲ1. ಆದೆ ಆದೆ ಆದೆ ಆದೆ ಎ-1 ಂದ ಂದ ಂದ ಂದ ಎ-4 ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh ಆೋVಗಳh Hೇ ೊಂಡು Hೇ ೊಂಡು Hೇ ೊಂಡು Hೇ ೊಂಡು Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ›-1 ರವರ ರವರ ರವರ ರವರ 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳ1 ಗಳ1 ಗಳ1 ಗಳ1 ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ ರವೆ ರವೆ ರವೆ OೕಸವನುU OೕಸವನುU OೕಸವನುU OೕಸವನುU 3ಾಡುವ 3ಾಡುವ 3ಾಡುವ 3ಾಡುವ ಉQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ ಉQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ ಉQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ ಉQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG 3ಾ4,ೇG .ಂ= .ಂ= .ಂ= .ಂ= ಸ5) ಸ5) ಸ5) ಸ5) ಆ^0.ಂ= ಆ^0.ಂ= ಆ^0.ಂ= ಆ^0.ಂ= (MSA) ನ1 ನ1 ನ1 ನ1, ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು ನಮೂದು 3ಾ[ದಂ9ೆ 3ಾ[ದಂ9ೆ 3ಾ[ದಂ9ೆ 3ಾ[ದಂ9ೆ ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) `ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ೆ*ೆನೂ4 ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU 6ೕಡQೆ 6ೕಡQೆ 6ೕಡQೆ 6ೕಡQೆ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU 3ಾsrಯನುU Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ ರವೆ ರವೆ ರವೆ 6ೕಡQೆ 6ೕಡQೆ 6ೕಡQೆ 6ೕಡQೆ ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) ಹಣದ ಹಣದ ಹಣದ ಹಣದ1111 ಪ0r ಪ0r ಪ0r ಪ0r rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh rಂಗಳh ಲ•ಾಂತರ ಲ•ಾಂತರ ಲ•ಾಂತರ ಲ•ಾಂತರ ರೂ ರೂ ರೂ ರೂ ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಕ= ಕ= ಕ= ಕ= 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ರೂ ರೂ ರೂ ರೂ ಅಕ0ಮ ಅಕ0ಮ ಅಕ0ಮ ಅಕ0ಮ fಾಭವನುU fಾಭವನುU fಾಭವನುU fಾಭವನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[gÀÄvÁÛgÉ ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi ೆಂi 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) 3ಾ2) ಹಣದ1 ಹಣದ1 ಹಣದ1 ಹಣದ1 ಲ•ಾಂತರ ಲ•ಾಂತರ ಲ•ಾಂತರ ಲ•ಾಂತರ ರೂ ರೂ ರೂ ರೂ ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಹಣವನುU ಕ= ಕ= ಕ= ಕ= 3ಾ[ದ 3ಾ[ದ 3ಾ[ದ 3ಾ[ದ ಬೆ` ಬೆ` ಬೆ` ಬೆ` QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ›-1 ರವರ ರವರ ರವರ ರವರ EªÉÄÃ¯ï ªÀÄÆ®PÀ ಆೋVಗ ಆೋVಗ ಆೋVಗ ಆೋVಗ½UÉ ªÀÄ£À«AiÀÄ£ÀÄß ªÀiÁqÀ¯ÁV DgÉÆÃ¦UÀ¼ÀÄ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ jಾವlQೇ QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU 6ೕ[ರುವl'ಲ1 6ೕ[ರುವl'ಲ1 6ೕ[ರುವl'ಲ1 6ೕ[ರುವl'ಲ1. 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ 7ಾಗೂ ಒಪZ ಒಪZ ಒಪZ ಒಪZAzÀPÉÌ ªÀÄÄAZÉ ¤ÃrzÀ D±Áé¸À£ÉAiÀÄAvÉ AiÀiÁªÀÅQೇ Qೇ Qೇ Qೇ ಹೂ[ ೆಯನುU ಹೂ[ ೆಯನುU ಹೂ[ ೆಯನುU ಹೂ[ ೆಯನುU 3ಾಡQೆ 3ಾಡQೆ 3ಾಡQೆ 3ಾಡQೆ Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ› Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ ರವೆ ರವೆ ರವೆ ನಂ& ೆ ನಂ& ೆ ನಂ& ೆ ನಂ& ೆ Qೊ0ೕಹವನುU Qೊ0ೕಹವನುU Qೊ0ೕಹವನುU Qೊ0ೕಹವನುU ಎಸ^ರು9ಾgೆ ಎಸ^ರು9ಾgೆ ಎಸ^ರು9ಾgೆ ಎಸ^ರು9ಾgೆ.

sೕೆ ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU 3ಾಡು*ಾUÉÎ, ',ಾಂಕ-09/09/2019 ರಂದು ಜಯನಗರ ನ ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ; ಗNೆ ಸಂಬಂˆ<ದ —ೈ ಎ .ಓ.<. Yೆ0ೕe fೈHೆ , 7ಾಗೂ ’ಾE & ಎHಾ©è• .ಂ= fೈHೆ QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU 30 'ನಗಳ ಒಳೆ 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ ©æÃi ಅಂe ಕೂ4 ,ೊoೕ ಅನುU 6ೕ[ ,ೊoೕ Vಯe ನ ವೆೆ ಾಯQೆ ಏ ಾಏ‚ jಾಗೂ 7ೇಳQೆ, ೇಳQೆ ಾಂYಾ02 ಅನುU ಮುದು ',ಾಂಕ-11/09/2019 ರಂದು ಜಯನಗರ 7ಾಗೂ 7ೆi.ಎ .ಆ fೇಔ= ನ 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU ‹ಾ° 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು 7ೋ^ರು9ಾgೆ. ಆದRಂದ Hಾ›-1 ರವರು ',ಾಂಕ-01/10/2019 ರಂದು ಆೋVಗNೆ fೇಗ; ,ೋoೕ ಅನುU ಕಳhs< jಾವlQೇ ಪžವ) 3ಾsrಯನುU 6ೕ[ದ 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU ‹ಾ 3ಾ[ರುವ ಬೆ` ಪ0’ೆUಯನುU 3ಾಡfಾ^ ಆೋVಗಳh jಾವlQೇ ಉತgರವನುU 6ೕ[ರುವl'ಲ1. 22 ',ಾಂಕ-23/12/2018 ರಂದು &0ೆe ರHೆgಯ1 ಅ^U ಅವಘಡ ಸಂಭ5<ದ ನಂತರ Hಾ›-1 ರವರು 7ೋYೆ; ಅನುU ,ೋ*ೇಷ 3ಾ[ ಮ9ೆg ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU 3ಾಡುವಂ9ೆ ಹಲ*ಾರು ಾ ಇ.ೕ; ಅನುU ಆೋVಗNೆ ಕಳhs<ದRರೂ ಆೋVಗಳh ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU ಮುಂದುವೆ<ರುವl'ಲ1 7ಾಗೂ Hಾ›- 1 ರವೆ 6ೕಡೇ ಾ^ದR ಾ‚ ೆಂi 3ಾ2) ಹಣವನುU 6ೕಡQೆ OೕಸವನುU 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ. ಎ -6 ಆೋVತ ಕಂಪ6ಯ 7ೆಸನ1 ಆೋVಗಳh ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU 3ಾಡು*ಾಗ ನ>ೆಸುrgದR ಅಸ°Ã ವ4ವ7ಾರವನುU ಮAxಟು Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ ಈ .ೕ; ಮೂಲಕ ಸ1ಸುrgದR Monthly Accupancy & Sales ವರ'ಯ1 ತಪlZ fೆ ಾbJಾರಗಳನುU ಸ1<ರು9ಾgೆ. ಈ ಬೆ`, Hಾ›-1 ರವರು ಜಯನಗರದ 7ೋYೆ; ನ1, ಜೂ rಂಗಳ1 ನ>ೆದ ವ4ವ7ಾರಗಳನುU 7ೋYೆ; ನ1 ಇo¤ದ fೆqÀÓ ಪlಸgಕವನುU ಪ•ೕಲ,ೆ 3ಾಡfಾ^ ',ಾಂಕ-21/06/2019 ರಂದು 7ೋYೆ; ನ fೆqÀÓ ನ1 58 Hೇ; ಆ^ರುತgQೆ, ಆದೆ ಆೋVಗಳh Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ ಇ.ೕ; ಮೂಲಕ ಸ1<ದ Qಾಖfೆಗಳ1 18 Hೇ; ಗcಾ^ರುತg*ೆ ಎಂದು ನಮೂದು 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ. sೕೆ ',ಾಂಕ-23/06/2019 ರಂದು fೆqÀÓ ನ1.. 35 Hೇ; ಗNದRೆ ಆೋVಗಳh ಸ1<ದR ಇ.ೕ; ನ1, 20 Hೇ; ಗಳh, ',ಾಂಕ-25/06/2019 ರಂದು fೆqÀÓ ನ1 38 Hೇ; ಗNದRೆ ಆೋVಗಳh ಸ1<ದR, ಇ.ೕ; ನ1. 30 Hೇ; ಗಳh 7ಾಗೂ ',ಾಂಕ-26/06/2019 ರಂದು fೆqÀÓ ನ1, 52 Hೇ; ಗNದRೆ ಆೋVಗಳh ಸ1<¤ದ ಇ.ೕ; ನ1.. 29 Hೇ; ಗಳನುU ಕಳhs<ರುವlದು ಕಂಡುಬಂ'ರುತgQೆ, sೕೆ ಆೋVಗಳh ಪ0r rಂಗಳh ತಪlZ 3ಾsrಯನುU 6ೕ[ ಅಕ0ಮ fಾಭವನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂಡು Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ OೕಸವನುU 3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ, ಈ ಬೆ` ಪ0•Uಸfೆಂದು Hಾ›-1 ರವರು ಜಯನಗರದ 7ೋYೆ; ೆ 7ೋ^ ಪ0’ೆUಯನುU 3ಾಡfಾ^ ಆೋVಗಳh ಇ,ೊU.M 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳ ಬNೆ ಬಂದೆ ೌನ  ಗಳನುU &ಟು ೊfೆ 3ಾ[ಸು9ೆgೕ,ೆಂದು ಾ0ಣ ೆದ ೆಯನುU 7ಾ‚ರುವlದು ತ6‹ಾ ಸಮಯದ1, ®¨sÀåªÁzÀ Hಾ•ಾ ಾರಗNಂದ .ೕfೊUೕಟ ೆb ದೃಢಪoರುತgQೆ.

ಅಕ0ಮ ಹಣವನುU 3ಾಡುವ ದುgÀÄQೆRೕಶ'ಂದ Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ jಾವlQೇ 3ಾsrಯನುU 6ೕಡQೆ ',ಾಂಕ-23/12/2018 ರಂದು &0ೆe ರHೆgಯ, ',ಾಂಕ-11/09/2019 ರಂದು ಜಯನಗರ 7ಾಗೂ 7ೆi.ಎ .ಆ fೇಔ= ನ ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU ‹ಾ 3ಾ[, 2017 ಂದ 2019,ೇ Hಾನ ವೆೆ 7ೋYೆ; ಅನುU ನ>ೆಸು*ಾಗ Hಾ›-1 ರವರು 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳ1 ಅಳವ[<ದR ೋYಾ4ಂತರ ರೂ 3ೌಲ4ದ Vೕೋಪಕರಣಗಳh, ಇಂoೕಯ [@ೈ6ಂd 7ಾಗೂ Hಾ46ಟ ವಸುgಗಳನುU >ಾ.G 3ಾ[ Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ ಅಕ0ಮ ನಷವನುU ಉಂಟು3ಾ[ರು9ಾgೆ. ಆದRಂದ Hಾ›-1 ರವರು ಆೋVಗNೆ ಹಲವl ಾ ಕೆಗಳನುU 3ಾ[, ಇ-.ೕ; ಗಳ ಮು‹ಾಂತರ ಸಂಪ‚)ಸಲು ಪ0ಯrU<Qಾಗ ಆೋVಗಳh jಾವlQೇ ಉತgರವನುU 6ೕಡQೆ ತfೆಮೆ< ೊಂ[ರು9ಾgೆ.

ಆೋVಗಳh Hಾ›-1 ರವರ 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳನುU ‹ಾ 3ಾ[ದ ನಂತರ ',ಾಂಕ-11/11/2019 ರಂದು ಒಂದು ಇ-.ೕ; ಅನುU ಕಳhs< Hಾ›-1 ರವರ @ೊ9ೆೆ 3ಾ4,ೇG .ಂ= ಸ5ೕ) ಅ^0.ಂ= (MSA) ಅನುU 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ದR Alcott Town Planners Pvt Ltd ಕಂಪ6ಯ 7ೆಸನ1ದR .ೕ|| ಜಗ'ೕ! 7ೋYೆ¯ïì ನ 3 7ೋYೆ; ಗಳ J¯Áè ಹಕುbಗಳನುU Mypreffered Transformation

23 and Hospitality Pvt Ltd ಕಂಪ6ಯ 7ೆಸೆ ವಾ)ವೆ 3ಾ[ ೊಂ[ರುವlQಾ^, ಈ ಬೆ`, ',ಾಂಕ-30/04/2019 ರಂದು Hಾ›-1 ರವೆ ಇ-.ೕ; ಮೂಲಕ 3ಾsrಯನುU 6ೕ[ರುವlQಾ^ rN<ದುR, ಈ ಬೆ`, Hಾ›-1 ರವರು ಆೋVಗNೆ ',ಾಂಕ-21/11/2019 ರಂದು ಇ- .ೕ; C£ÀÄß PÀ¼ÀÄ»¹ Alcott Town Planners Pvt Ltd ಕಂಪ6¬ÄAzÀ Mypreffered Transformation and Hospitality Pvt Ltd ಕಂಪ6ೆ ಹಕುbಗಳನುU ವಾ)ವೆ 3ಾ[ರುವlದು ಅಕ0ಮ, Hಾ›-1 ರವಂದ jಾವlQೇ ಅನುಮrಯನುU ಪ>ೆದು ೊಂ[ರುವl'ಲ1ªÉAzÀÄ rN<, ಈ ಬೆ` QಾಖfೆಗಳನುU 6ೕಡುವಂ9ೆ ೋರfಾ^ ಆೋVಗಳh jಾವlQೇ GvÀÛgÀªÀ£ÀÄß ¤ÃrgÀĪÀÅ¢®è.

DgÉÆÃ¦UÀ¼ÀÄ ¸ÁQë-1 gÀªÀgÀ ªÀiÁ°PÀvÀézÀ ªÀÄÆgÀÄ ºÉÆÃmɯïUÀ¼À£ÀÄß £ÀqɹPÉÆAqÀÄ 7,85,87,250/- gÀÆ ¨ÉAZï ªÀiÁPïð gɪɣÀÆå ಹಣವನುU, 3,89,20511/- ರೂ 3ೌಲ4ದ >ಾ4.ೕG ಗಳh 7ಾಗೂ 32,39,390/-ರೂ ’ಾ=) ೇ.ಂ= / ಾಂಡ§ [ಡ‰ ಗಳh 7ಾಗೂ ಇತೆ PÉèöʧ ಗಳನುU 6ೕಡQೆ ತfೆಮೆ< ೊಂಡು 7ೋ^ ಕೃತ4ವನುU ಎಸ^ರುವlದು ತ6‹ಾ ಾಲದ1 ಲಭ4*ಾದ Hಾ•ಾ ಾರಗNಂದ ದೃಢಪoರುತgQೆ.

ಆದRಂದ ಆೋVಗಳ 5ರುದ˜ ಈ .ೕಲbಂಡ ಕಲಂಗಳ ಅನXಯ 3ಾನ4 ,ಾ4jಾಲಯ ೆb QೋŒಾೋಪೆ ಪoಯನುU ಸ1ಸfಾ^Qೆ.

6*ೇದ,ೆ:- ಪ0ಕರಣದ1 ತ6‹ೆಯನುU ಮುಂದುವೆ<ದುR, ತ6‹ಾ ಸಮಯದ1 ಲಭ4*ಾಗುವ 7ೆಚುxವ Hಾ•ಾ ಾರಗಳನುU ಕಲಂ 173(8) <.ಆ.V.< ೕvÁå 3ಾನ4 ,ಾ4jಾಲಯ ೆb ಸ1ಸfಾಗುವlದು, ಸದ Hಾ•ಾ ಾರಗಳನುU 3ಾನ4 ,ಾ4jಾಲಯವl ಅಂ^ೕಕಸಲು ೋQೆ.”

(Emphasis added)

The finding in the summary of the charge sheet quoted supra is that acts of the accused have resulted in loss/damage of ₹3,89,20,511/- and ₹32,39,390/- as short payments/random deduction ware made and several other claims are projected both in the complaint and in the summary of charge sheet. But the crux of

24 the case is that, it arises out of breach of agreement, loss of revenue and damages which claim is unpaid.

10.

It is not in dispute that these very claims are put forth before the Arbitrator and arbitration is still pending. The claim in terms of the notice issued seeking arbitration on 16-07-2021 is as follows: “…. …. ….

4.

In case you believe that the debt has been repaid before the receipt of this letter, please demonstrate such repayment by sending to us, within ten days of receipt of this letter, the following:

a) an attested copy of the record of electronic transfer of the unpaid amount from the bank account of the corporate debtor; or b) an attested copy of any record that [name of the operational creditor] has received the payment.

5.

The undersigned calls upon you to unconditionally repay the unpaid operational debt (in default) of the amount of Rs. 5,52,46,871.40 (Rupees Five Crores Fifty-Two Lakhs Forty-Six Thousand Eight Hundred and Seventy-One and Forty Paisa Only) including interest till 15th July 2021 and continuing interest thereafter at the rate of 24% per annum thereafter till date of payment in full within TEN DAYS from the receipt of this Form 3 and accompanying Demand Notice failing which we shall initiate a corporate insolvency resolution process in respect of OYO Hotels and Homes Private Limited.

25

Yours sincerely Mr. P Rakesh, Partner, M/s Jagadish, No. 51, Old No. 664, 11th Main Road, 4th Block, Jayanagar, Bangalore -560011”

What is sought is repayment of the amount to the tune of ₹5,52,46,871. 40. On the aforesaid claim, arbitration has now commenced by a claim petition being filed in Arbitration Case No.12 of 2025. The notice issued by the Arbitration and Conciliation Centre and the claims so made are as follows:

26 If the claim before the Arbitrator and the complaint are read in tandem, what would unmistakably emerge is, that the claim is registered for the purpose of recovery of money or alleging breach of agreements between the parties. In the teeth of the aforesaid facts, whether further proceedings should be permitted to be continued or otherwise is required to be considered.

11.

The preceding narratives unmistakably depict that the complaint registered, is on a seemingly civil dispute, giving it a cloak of criminality. The offences alleged against the petitioners’ spring from two provisions of law – one Section 406 of the IPC, criminal breach of trust and the other Section 420 of the IPC, cheating. The provisions read as follows:

“406. Punishment for criminal breach of trust.— Whoever commits criminal breach of trust shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both.”

“420. Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property.—Whoever cheats and thereby dishonestly induces the person deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to make, alter or destroy the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and which is capable of being converted into a valuable security, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.”

27

For an offence under Section 406, the ingredients are found in Section 405 and for an offence under Section 420, the ingredients are found in Section 415. They read as follows:

“405. Criminal breach of trust.—Whoever, being in any manner entrusted with property, or with any dominion over property, dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use that property, or dishonestly uses or disposes of that property in violation of any direction of law prescribing the mode in which such trust is to be discharged, or of any legal contract, express or implied, which he has made touching the discharge of such trust, or wilfully suffers any other person so to do, commits “criminal breach of trust”.

Explanation 1.—A person, being an employer of an establishment whether exempted under Section 17 of the Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 (19 of 1952), or not] who deducts the employee's contribution from the wages payable to the employee for credit to a Provident Fund or Family Pension Fund established by any law for the time being in force, shall be deemed to have been entrusted with the amount of the contribution so deducted by him and if he makes default in the payment of such contribution to the said fund in violation of the said law, shall be deemed to have dishonestly used the amount of the said contribution in violation of a direction of law as aforesaid.

Explanation 2.—A person, being an employer, who deducts the employees' contribution from the wages payable to the employee for credit to the Employees' State Insurance Fund held and administered by the Employees' State Insurance Corporation established under the Employees' State Insurance Act, 1948 (34 of 1948), shall be deemed to have been entrusted with the amount of the contribution so deducted by him and if he makes default in the payment of such contribution to the said Fund in violation of the said Act, shall be deemed to have

28 dishonestly used the amount of the said contribution in violation of a direction of law as aforesaid.

Illustrations (a) A, being executor to the will of a deceased person, dishonestly disobeys the law which directs him to divide the effects according to the will, and appropriates them to his own use. A has committed criminal breach of trust.

(b) A is a warehouse-keeper. Z, going on a journey, entrusts his furniture to A, under a contract that it shall be returned on payment of a stipulated sum for warehouse room. A dishonestly sells the goods. A has committed criminal breach of trust.

(c) A, residing in Calcutta, is agent for Z, residing at Delhi. There is an express or implied contract between A and Z, that all sums remitted by Z to A shall be invested by A, according to Z's direction. Z remits a lakh of rupees to A, with directions to A to invest the same in Company's paper. A dishonestly disobeys the directions and employs the money in his own business. A has committed criminal breach of trust.

(d) But if A, in the last illustration, not dishonestly but in good faith, believing that it will be more for Z's advantage to hold shares in the Bank of Bengal, disobeys Z's directions, and buys shares in the Bank of Bengal, for Z, instead of buying Company's paper, here, though Z should suffer loss, and should be entitled to bring a civil action against A, on account of that loss, yet A, not having acted dishonestly, has not committed criminal breach of trust.

(e) A, a revenue officer, is entrusted with public money and is either directed by law, or bound by a contract, express or implied, with the Government, to pay into a certain treasury all the public money which he holds. A dishonestly appropriates the money. A has committed criminal breach of trust.

(f) A, a carrier, is entrusted by Z with property to be carried by land or by water. A dishonestly misappropriates the property. A has committed criminal breach of trust.”

29

“415. Cheating.—Whoever, by deceiving any person, fraudulently or dishonestly induces the person so deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to consent that any person shall retain any property, or intentionally induces the person so deceived to do or omit to do anything which he would not do or omit if he were not so deceived, and which act or omission causes or is likely to cause damage or harm to that person in body, mind, reputation or property, is said to “cheat”.

Explanation.—A dishonest concealment of facts is a deception within the meaning of this section.

Illustrations (a) A, by falsely pretending to be in the Civil Service, intentionally deceives Z, and thus dishonestly induces Z to let him have on credit goods for which he does not mean to pay. A cheats.

(b) A, by putting a counterfeit mark on an article, intentionally deceives Z into a belief that this article was made by a certain celebrated manufacturer, and thus dishonestly induces Z to buy and pay for the article. A cheats.

(c) A, by exhibiting to Z a false sample of an article, intentionally deceives Z into believing that the article corresponds with the sample, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to buy and pay for the article. A cheats.

(d) A, by tendering in payment for an article a bill on a house with which A keeps no money, and by which A expects that the bill will be dishonoured, intentionally deceives Z, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to deliver the article, intending not to pay for it. A cheats.

(e) A, by pledging as diamonds articles which he knows are not diamonds, intentionally deceives Z, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to lend money. A cheats.

(f) A intentionally deceives Z into a belief that A means to repay any money that Z may lend to him and thereby

30 dishonestly induces Z to lend him money, A not intending to repay it. A cheats.

(g) A intentionally deceives Z into a belief that A means to deliver to Z a certain quantity of indigo plant which he does not intend to deliver, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to advance money upon the faith of such delivery, A cheats; but if A, at the time of obtaining the money, intends to deliver the indigo plant, and afterwards breaks his contract and does not deliver it, he does not cheat, but is liable only to a civil action for breach of contract.

(h) A intentionally deceives Z into a belief that A has performed A's part of a contract made with Z, which he has not performed, and thereby dishonestly induces Z to pay money. A cheats. (i) A sells and conveys an estate to B. A, knowing that in consequence of such sale he has no right to the property, sells or mortgages the same to Z, without disclosing the fact of the previous sale and conveyance to B, and receives the purchase or mortgage money from Z. A cheats.”

Section 405 mandates that the accused should have misappropriated with dishonest intention of a property entrusted to him. There is no property entrusted in the case at hand. All the disputes sprung from agreements between the parties. Section 415 mandates that the accused must have lured the victim into the transaction with a dishonest intention right from the inception. There is no luring in the case at hand, as it was a Master Service Agreement between the parties. Therefore, the ingredients of

31 Section 406 and 420 of the IPC are on their face, lacking in the case at hand.

12.

It becomes apposite to refer to certain judgments of the Apex Court, which considers the issue of civil disputes given a cloak of crime.

12.1.

The Apex Court in the case of PARAMJEET BATRA v. STATE OF UTTARAKHAND1, has held as follows: “…. …. ….

12.

While exercising its juri iction under Section 482 of the Code the High Court has to be cautious. This power is to be used sparingly and only for the purpose of preventing abuse of the process of any court or otherwise to secure ends of justice. Whether a complaint discloses a criminal offence or not depends upon the nature of facts alleged therein. Whether essential ingredients of criminal offence are present or not has to be judged by the High Court. A complaint disclosing civil transactions may also have a criminal texture. But the High Court must see whether a dispute which is essentially of a civil nature is given a cloak of criminal offence. In such a situation, if a civil remedy is available and is, in fact, adopted as has happened in this case, the High Court should not hesitate to quash the criminal proceedings to prevent abuse of process of the court.

13.

As we have already noted, here the dispute is essentially about the profit of the hotel business and its ownership. The pending civil suit will take care of all those issues. The allegation that forged and fabricated documents are 1(2013) 11 SCC 673

32 used by the appellant can also be dealt with in the said suit. Respondent 2's attempt to file similar complaint against the appellant having failed, he has filed the present complaint. The appellant has been acquitted in another case filed by Respondent 2 against him alleging offence under Section 406 IPC. Possession of the shop in question has also been handed over by the appellant to Respondent 2. In such a situation, in our opinion, continuation of the pending criminal proceedings would be abuse of the process of law. The High Court was wrong in holding otherwise.

(Emphasis supplied)

12.2.

In the case of SARABJIT KAUR v. STATE OF PUNJAB2, the Apex Court holds as follows: “…. …. ….

13.

A breach of contract does not give rise to criminal prosecution for cheating unless fraudulent or dishonest intention is shown right at the beginning of the transaction. Merely on the allegation of failure to keep up promise will not be enough to initiate criminal proceedings. From the facts available on record, it is evident that Respondent 2 had improved his case ever since the first complaint was filed in which there were no allegations against the appellant rather it was only against the property dealers which was in subsequent complaints that the name of the appellant was mentioned. On the first complaint, the only request was for return of the amount paid by Respondent 2. When the offence was made out on the basis of the first complaint, the second complaint was filed with improved version making allegations against the appellant as well which was not there in the earlier complaint. The entire idea seems to be to convert a civil dispute into criminal and put pressure on the appellant for return of the amount allegedly paid. The criminal courts are not meant to be used for settling scores or pressurise parties

2 (2023) 5 SCC 360

33 to settle civil disputes. Wherever ingredients of criminal offences are made out, criminal courts have to take cognizance. The complaint in question on the basis of which FIR was registered was filed nearly three years after the last date fixed for registration of the sale deed. Allowing the proceedings to continue would be an abuse of process of the court.”

(Emphasis supplied)

12.3.

In the case of NARESH KUMAR v. STATE OF KARNATAKA3, the Apex Court holds as follows: “…. …. ….

7.

Relying upon the decision in Paramjeet Batra (supra), this Court in Randheer Singh v. State of U.P., (2021) 14 SCC 626, observed that criminal proceedings cannot be taken recourse to as a weapon of harassment. In Usha Chakraborty v. State of West Bengal, 2023 SCC OnLine SC 90, relying upon Paramjeet Batra (supra) it was again held that where a dispute which is essentially of a civil nature, is given a cloak of a criminal offence, then such disputes can be quashed, by exercising the inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.

8.

Essentially, the present dispute between the parties relates to a breach of contract. A mere breach of contract, by one of the parties, would not attract prosecution for criminal offence in every case, as held by this Court in Sarabjit Kaur v. State of Punjab, (2023) 5 SCC

360.

Similarly, dealing with the distinction between the offence of cheating and a mere breach of contractual obligations, this Court, in Vesa Holdings (P) Ltd. v. State of Kerala, (2015) 8 SCC 293, has held that every breach of contract would not give rise to the offence of cheating, and it is required to be shown that 3 2024 SCC OnLine SC 268

34 the accused had fraudulent or dishonest intention at the time of making the promise.

9.

In the case at hand, the dispute between the parties was not only essentially of a civil nature but in this case the dispute itself stood settled later as we have already discussed above. We see no criminal element here and consequently the case here is nothing but an abuse of the process. We therefore allow the appeal and set aside the order of the High Court dated 02.12.2020. The criminal proceedings arising out of FIR No. 113 of 2017 will hereby stand quashed.”

(Emphasis supplied)

12.4.

In the case of MANISH v. STATE OF MAHARASHTRA4, the Apex Court holds as follows: “…. …. ….

16.

Materials collected during investigation do not show the present case falls in the category of commercial disputes which would attract penal consequences. Investigating officer had recorded statements of two bankers and a builder. The bankers disclosed the appellant and his relations had substantial landed properties which had been mortgaged to them in 2014. The appellant had repaid the loan regularly till 2016 thereafter defaulted. Notwithstanding default, in 2018 an additional loan was also sanctioned to him.”

(Emphasis supplied)

12.5.

In the case of RIKHAB BIRANI v. STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH5, the Apex Court holds as follows:

4 2025 SCC OnLine SC 707 5 2025 SCC OnLine SC 823

35 “…. …. ….

20.

In yet another case, again arising from criminal proceedings initiated in the State of Uttar Pradesh, this Court was constrained to note recurring cases being encountered wherein parties repeatedly attempted to invoke the juri iction of criminal courts by filing vexatious complaints, camouflaging allegations that are ex facie outrageous or are pure civil claims. These attempts must not be entertained and should be dismissed at the threshold. Reference was made to a judgment of this Court in Thermax Limited v. K.M. Johny, which held that courts should be watchful of the difference between civil and criminal wrongs, though there can be situations where the allegation may constitute both civil and criminal wrongs. Further, there has to be a conscious application of mind on these aspects by the Magistrate, as a summoning order has grave consequences of setting criminal proceedings in motion. Though the Magistrate is not required to record detailed reasons, there should be adequate evidence on record to set criminal proceedings into motion. The Magistrate should carefully scrutinize the evidence on record and may even put questions to the complainant/investigating officer etc. to elicit answers to find out the truth about the allegations. The summoning order has to be passed when the complaint or chargesheet discloses an offence and when there is material that supports and constitutes essential ingredients of the offence. The summoning order should not be passed lightly or as a matter of course. (Emphasis supplied)

12.6.

In the case of S.N.VIJAYALAKSHMI v. STATE OF KARNATAKA6, the Apex Court holds as follows:

6 2025 SCC OnLine SC 1575

36 “…. …. ….

ANALYSIS, REASONING & CONCLUSION:

…

…

…

35.

In this background, the Court needs to consider as to whether the accusations of criminal nature levelled in the FIR are sustainable to permit the continuance of the criminal proceedings or not. Cognizance has finally been taken under Sections 120B, 406 and 420 of the IPC. For convenience, the said provisions are reproduced hereinbelow:

xxx

406.

Punishment for criminal breach of trust.- Whoever commits criminal breach of trust shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to three years, or with fine, or with both. xxx

420.

Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property.- Whoever cheats and thereby dishonestly induces the person deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to make, alter or destroy the whole or any part of a valuable security, or anything which is signed or sealed, and which is capable of being converted into a valuable security, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine.’

36.

It would be useful, in addition, to set out the relevant definitional Sections from the IPC:

xxx

405.

Criminal breach of trust.—Whoever, being in any manner entrusted with property, or with any dominion over property, dishonestly misappropriates or converts to his own use that property, or dishonestly uses or disposes of that property in violation of any direction of law prescribing the mode in which such trust is to be discharged, or of any legal contract, express or implied, which he has made touching the discharge of such trust, or

37 wilfully suffers any other person so to do, commits “criminal breach of trust”.

xxx

415.

Cheating.—Whoever, by deceiving any person, fraudulently or dishonestly induces the person so deceived to deliver any property to any person, or to consent that any person shall retain any property, or intentionally induces the person so deceived to do or omit to do anything which he would not do or omit if he were not so deceived, and which act or omission causes or is likely to cause damage or harm to that person in body, mind, reputation or property, is said to “cheat”.

…

…

…

37.

Purely from a legal lens, it is now settled that the same person cannot be simultaneously charged for offences punishable under Sections 406 and 420 of the IPC with regard to one particular transaction, as per the decision rendered in Delhi Race Club (1940) Limited (supra). In this regard, reference may also be made to a subsequent decision by us in V D Raveesha v. State of Karnataka, 2024 INSC 1060 (penned by Ahsanuddin Amanullah, J.), which noticed the exposition in Delhi Race Club (1940) Limited (supra). In V D Raveesha (supra), the distinction between Sections406 and 420 of the IPC was duly taken note of, but charges under Sections 406 and 420 of the IPC against the same person were upheld, not being part of a single transaction and committed against different persons. The relevant passage from V D Raveesha (supra) reads thus:

‘21. Though, having regard to the afore-enumerated position of law, on an overall conspectus of the factual aspects juxtaposed with the evidence on record, as regards fulfilment of the ingredients of Sections 406 and 420 of the IPC, at first sight, it may appear that the petitioner cannot be convicted both under Sections 406 and 420 of the IPC, but, in the present case, on a proper consideration of the issue in its entirety, there is a fine distinction inasmuch as, there are two different persons against whom the petitioner has committed the respective offences under

38 the Sections supra : first, the Company and second, Mallikarjuna (PW4 and husband of purchaser Savithramma). Thus, in the facts and circumstances of the present case, evidently the petitioner is guilty of offence committed against the Company punishable under Section 406 of the IPC and also, of offence committed against Mallikarjuna (PW4 and husband of purchaser Savithramma) punishable under Section 420 of the IPC.’ (emphasis supplied)

38.

Section 406 deals with punishment for criminal breach of trust, which itself has been defined under Section 405 of the IPC. Section 420 of the IPC deals with cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property, the substantive offence of cheating has been defined in Section 415 of the IPC. We now apply the ingredients to the factual position.

39.

From a bare reading of Section 405 of the IPC, criminal breach of trust would arise only in a situation where the accused in any manner has been entrusted with property, or with any dominion over property and dishonestly misappropriates or converts the same to his own use, or dishonestly uses or disposes of that property. Here, it is not a case where the accused were entrusted with the subject property. The subject property belongs to them and they had rights over it as owners with title. Thus, the very foundation for invoking Section 406 of the IPC falls to the ground.

40.

Coming to Section 415 of the IPC, it is required that the person charged, by deceiving any person, fraudulently or dishonestly induces him to deliver any property to any person, or to consent that any person shall retain any property, or intentionally induces the person so deceived to do or not to do anything which he would not do or omit if he were not so deceived, and which act or omission causes or is likely to cause damage or harm to that person in body, mind, reputation or property. In the present case, we do not find that by deceiving the complainant, the appellants had fraudulently or dishonestly induced him to deliver the property to them or to any other person or to consent that any person shall retain any property or intentionally induced the person so deceived to do or omit to

39 do anything which he would not do or omit if he were not so deceived. From the case set up by the complainant himself, as averred, the ATS was entered into between the appellants and the complainant on 30.11.2015. However, the subject property is said to have been handed over to Ravishankara Shetty on 06.09.1996. Thus, if the same was correct, then there is no explanation as to why possession of the subject property, being prime land, would be handed over to any other person without any other agreement or safeguard, for if the version of the complainant is to be taken as correct, then it appears that Ravishankara Shetty got possession of the subject property way back on 06.09.1996, but the ATS with the complainant, albeit as a nominee of Ravishankara Shetty, was only executed much later on 30.11.2015. However, on a reading of the recitals in the ATS, it is seen that possession was with the appellants and in fact, Clause 6 of the ATS concerning possession, it has been postulated that possession of the subject property would be handed over in ready condition upon execution of the Sale Deed by the vendors. This version of events, put forth by the complainant, falsifies the claim of Ravishankara Shetty to have taken over possession of the subject property on 06.09.1996, for the simple reason that he himself is a witness cited in the FIR filed at the instance of the complainant. Thus, when from the own pleadings of the complainant, it emerges that possession of the subject property was never given to the complainant and rather, stipulation was made for such possession being handed over after execution of Sale Deed, Section 420 of the IPC would not be attracted, regard being had to the definition in Section 415 of the IPC.

41.

Thus, we do not find any criminal aspect in the allegations ex-facie. Moreover, be it noted, the complainant has filed a civil suit for reliefs already enumerated above.

42.

Coming to the second question i.e., whether civil and criminal proceedings both can be maintained on the very same set of allegations qua the same person(s), the answer strictosensu, is that there is no bar to simultaneous civil and criminal proceedings. If the element of criminality is there, a civil case can co-exist with a criminal case on the same facts. The fact that a civil remedy has already been availed of by a

40 complainant, ipso facto, is not sufficient ground to quash an FIR, as pointed out, inter alia, in P Swaroopa Rani v. M Hari Narayana, (2008) 5 SCC 765 and Syed AksariHadi Ali Augustine Imam v. State (Delhi Admn.), (2009) 5 SCC

528.

The obvious caveat being that the allegations, even if having a civil flavour to them, must prima facie disclose an overwhelming element of criminality. In the absence of the element of criminality, if both civil and criminal cases are allowed to continue, it will definitely amount to abuse of the process of the Court, which the Courts have always tried to prevent by putting a stop to any such criminal proceeding, where civil proceedings have already been instituted with regard to the same issue, and the element of criminality is absent. If such element is absent, the prosecution in question would have to be quashed. In this connection, Paramjeet Batra v. State of Uttarakhand,(2013) 11 SCC 673 can be referred to:

‘12. … Whether a complaint discloses a criminal offence or not depends upon the nature of facts alleged therein. Whether essential ingredients of criminal offence are present or not has to be judged by the High Court. A complaint disclosing civil transactions may also have a criminal texture. But the High Court must see whether a dispute which is essentially of a civil nature is given a cloak of criminal offence. In such a situation, if a civil remedy is available and is, in fact, adopted as has happened in this case, the High Court should not hesitate to quash the criminal proceedings to prevent abuse of process of the court.’ (emphasis supplied)

43.

In Usha Chakraborty v. State of West Bengal, (2023) 15 SCC 135, while quashing the FIR therein and further proceedings based thereon, it was observed ‘…the factual position thus would reveal that the genesis as also the purpose of criminal proceedings are nothing but the aforesaid incident and further that the dispute involved is essentially of civil nature.’”

(Emphasis supplied)

41

13.

The Apex Court, time and again, has sounded caution against the invocation of criminal law in purely civil disputes. In PARAMJEET BATRA supra, the Apex Court holds that when a quarrel of civil complexion is dressed with crime, the High court should not hesitate to intercede under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C. to prevent the abuse of the process; in SARABJIT KAUR supra, the Apex Court underscored that a breach of contract would not become cheating, unless dishonest intent is present at the very threshold of the transaction; likewise, in NARESH KUMAR AND MANISH supra, the Apex Court reiterates that criminal process must not be wielded as a weapon of harassment or recovery of debts; more pertinently, in RIKHAB BIRANI supra, the Apex Court laments the flood of vexatious complaints where civil wrongs are camaflouged as crimes, cautioning Magistrates to exercise circumspection while issuing summons, as issuance of summons is a serious matter. In the light of what the Apex Court holds, this Court cannot remain a mute spectator, when litigants dissatisfied with civil remedies resort to the criminal forum as an

42 instrument of arm-twisting. All the ingredients of what the Apex Court has afore-held are present in the case at hand. It is therefore, exercise of juri iction under Section 482 of the Cr.P.C. becomes imperative.

14.

The learned senior counsel for the 2nd respondent has contended that the complaint and the summary of the charge sheet clearly make out an offence and, therefore, this Court should not interfere. The complaint is quoted hereinabove. A close reading of the complaint, together with the charge sheet, reveals that the gravamen of the allegations concerns losses said to have been suffered owing to alleged breaches of agreements – the claims that are already projected before the Arbitrator and pending before the Arbitral Tribunal. Indeed, the very reliefs sought in the arbitration mirror the monetary claims urged in the complaint. Thus, what the complainant seeks by way of the criminal process, is but a “second bite at the cherry” – an endeavour to transmute civil liability into criminal culpability. Such endeavours must be deprecated and nipped in the bud.

43

15.1.

The Apex Court in the case of MAHMOOD ALI v. STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH7, has held as follows: “…. …. ….

12.

We say so because once the complainant decides to proceed against the accused with an ulterior motive for wreaking personal vengeance etc. then he would ensure that the FIR/complaint is very well drafted with all the necessary pleadings. The complainant would ensure that the averments made in the FIR/complaint are such that they disclose the necessary ingredients to constitute the alleged offence. Therefore, it will not be just enough for the Court to look into the averments made in the FIR/complaint alone for the purpose of ascertaining whether the necessary ingredients to constitute the alleged offence are disclosed or not.”

(Emphasis supplied)

15.2.

In the case of SALIB v. STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH8, the Apex Court has held as follows: “…. …. ….

26.

At this stage, we would like to observe something important. Whenever an accused comes before the Court invoking either the inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC) or extraordinary juri iction under Article 226 of the Constitution to get the FIR or the criminal proceedings quashed essentially on the ground that such proceedings are manifestly frivolous or vexatious or instituted with the ulterior motive for wreaking vengeance, then

7 (2023) 15 SCC 488 8 (2023) 20 SCC 194

44 in such circumstances the Court owes a duty to look into the FIR with care and a little more closely. We say so because once the complainant decides to proceed against the accused with an ulterior motive for wreaking personal vengeance, etc. then he would ensure that the FIR/complaint is very well drafted with all the necessary pleadings. The complainant would ensure that the averments made in the FIR/complaint are such that they disclose the necessary ingredients to constitute the alleged offence. Therefore, it will not be just enough for the Court to look into the averments made in the FIR/complaint alone for the purpose of ascertaining whether the necessary ingredients to constitute the alleged offence are disclosed or not. In frivolous or vexatious proceedings, the Court owes a duty to look into many other attending circumstances emerging from the record of the case over and above the averments and, if need be, with due care and circumspection try to read in between the lines. The Court while exercising its juri iction under Section 482CrPC or Article 226 of the Constitution need not restrict itself only to the stage of a case but is empowered to take into account the overall circumstances leading to the initiation/registration of the case as well as the materials collected in the course of investigation. Take for instance the case on hand. Multiple FIRs have been registered over a period of time. It is in the background of such circumstances the registration of multiple FIRs assumes importance, thereby attracting the issue of wreaking vengeance out of private or personal grudge as alleged.”

15.3.

In the case of MOHD. WAJID v. STATE OF UTTAR PRADESH9, the Apex Court has held as follows: “…. …. ….

37.

We say so because once the complainant decides to proceed against the accused with an ulterior motive for wreaking personal vengeance, etc. then he would ensure that the FIR/complaint is very well drafted with all the necessary

9 (2023) 20 SCC 219

45 pleadings. The complainant would ensure that the averments made in the FIR/complaint are such that they disclose the necessary ingredients to constitute the alleged offence. Therefore, it will not be just enough for the Court to look into the averments made in the FIR/complaint alone for the purpose of ascertaining whether the necessary ingredients to constitute the alleged offence are disclosed or not.

38.

In frivolous or vexatious proceedings, the Court owes a duty to look into many other attending circumstances emerging from the record of the case over and above the averments and, if need be, with due care and circumspection try to read in between the lines. The Court while exercising its juri iction under Section 482CrPC or Article 226 of the Constitution need not restrict itself only to the stage of a case but is empowered to take into account the overall circumstances leading to the initiation/registration of the case as well as the materials collected in the course of investigation. Take for instance the case on hand. Multiple FIRs have been registered over a period of time. It is in the background of such circumstances the registration of multiple FIRs assumes importance, thereby attracting the issue of wreaking vengeance out of private or personal grudge as alleged.”

The Apex Court in MAHMOOD ALI holds that complainants bent on vengeance often ensure their pleadings are meticulously crafted to mimic the essential ingredients of penal provision. Therefore, the gaze of this Court must not hault at the periphery, but it is necessary to look deeper, read between the lines and evaluate the surrounding circumstances that has lead to registration of the complaint. In SALIB supra, the Apex Court again holds that, proceedings instituted which are

46 manifestly frivolous or vexatious, the Court has a duty to interfere, by delving deep into the matter. The same is reiterated in MOHD. WAJID supra.

16.

Therefore, it is a settled axiom that Courts when confronted with complaints of this genre, must pierce the veil of clever drafting and discern the true animated intent. The complaint may, on its face, appear to recite ingredients of penal provisions, yet, if its substratum is no more than a claim for money or damages arising from contractual breaches, it would fall squarely within the province of civil adjudication.

17.

As contended by the learned senior counsel for the 2nd respondent that, a given case may give rise to two proceedings – one under the civil law and the other for criminal culpability, that would depend on the facts of each case. The facts obtaining in the case at hand do not brook any such doubt. The issue is pure and simple. Breach of agreements; recovery of money; and to arm twist the accused.

47

18.

The learned senior counsel for the 2nd respondent has also sought to place reliance upon certain judgments of the Apex Court and that of this Court. There can be no qualm about the principles so laid down by this Court or the Apex Court in the case of PUNIT BERIWALA v. THE STATE OF NCT OF DELHI, in Criminal Appeal No.1834 of 2025 decided on 29-04-2025. The factual matrix of the said case is of a wholly different hue. There, misrepresentation and multiple transactions over the same property portray a fraudulent design at the inception. In contra distinction, the case at hand reveals no such malafides at the threshold, it is, in its essence, a pure contractual dispute. Therefore, reliance on such precedents, is misplaced and would not result in tilting the scales.

19.

In the case at hand, the complaint is nothing but an echo of claims already ventilated before the Arbitral forum. The allegations when considered in isolation of what is projected in the complaint, would clearly reveal that the allegations relate to demands for repayment of money and redressal of contractual grievances. Criminal law, however, is invoked only as a

48 cudgel to intimidate, to arm-twist and to bring the petitioners to their knees. The jurisprudence of the subject, as narrated hereinabove, has made it abundantly clear, when criminal proceedings are launched not to punish true crime, but to settle civil scores, such proceedings are an abuse of the process of the law, a masquerade that this Court is duty bound to unravel, and to stop it from resulting in miscarriage of justice.

20.

For the aforesaid reasons, the following: -

O R D E R

(i) Criminal Petition is allowed.

(ii) The proceedings in C.C.No.10486 of 2023 pending before IV Additional Chief Metropolitan Magistrate, Bengaluru City stand quashed.

(iii) It is made clear that the observations made in the course of the order are only for the purpose of consideration of the case of petitioners under Section 482 of Cr.P.C. and the same shall not bind or influence

49 the proceedings against any other accused pending before any other fora.

Consequently, I.A.No.1 of 2025 also stands disposed. (M.NAGAPRASANNA) JUDGE

Bkp CT:MJ

Reproduced from the public record of the Karnataka High Court. Verify against the court's own copy before relying on it. Income tax judgments are on bharattax.net.