Tushar Builders And Bkp Infra LLP vs. Deputy Commissioner Of State Tax, Shaniwarpeth 501, Pune
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The Petitioner, Tushar Builders & BKP Infra LLP, filed a writ petition challenging an Order-in-Original dated 28 February 2025, passed by the Deputy Commissioner of State Tax, Pune. The Petitioner argued that the adjudicating officer was involved in the audit, leading to biased adjudication. They also contended that the order was passed in breach of limitation provisions, as the show cause notice was not issued three months prior to the adjudication completion date. Furthermore, the Petitioner claimed that they had already paid a substantial amount towards GST for the same cause of action due to prior investigations, and being asked to pay again would be violative of Article 265 of the Constitution. The Petitioner also referred to a previous order concerning them where a coordinate bench admitted a similar petition and stayed its implementation.
Held
The Court held that no case was made out for bypassing the alternate statutory remedy of appeal. The Petitioner had already applied for rectification, and the application was pending. The impugned Order-in-Original was appealable, and the reasons cited by the Petitioner were not sufficient to bypass this remedy. Regarding the bias argument, the Court noted that no objection on grounds of bias was raised in the reply to the show cause notice. While the Court did not wish to shut out this argument, it stated that it could be best examined in an appeal where the respondents could also raise the issue of waiver. The argument based on limitation could also be raised in appeal, and the Court was not satisfied that the order was ex facie without limitation. The Court believed such a contention was best adjudicated by the Appellate Authority, involving factual investigation. The argument about previous investigations and payments, akin to res judicata or double taxation, also involved factual investigation and comparison of proceedings, making it a matter best agitated before the Appellate Authority. The Court distinguished the cited order for the previous year, noting that it involved an issue of extension of limitation under Section 168A of the CGST Act, 2017, which was not applicable to the present matter. Following the reasoning in Oberoi Constructions vs. Union of India & Ors., the Court declined to entertain the petition. The petition was dismissed with liberty to the Petitioner to avail the alternate remedy of appeal.
Key Issues
1. Whether the Petitioner's writ petition is maintainable bypassing the alternate statutory remedy of appeal, given the alleged bias of the adjudicating officer, breach of limitation provisions, and the principle of double taxation/res judicata? 2. Whether the adjudicating officer's involvement in the audit renders the adjudication biased? 3. Whether the Order-in-Original was passed in breach of limitation provisions, specifically regarding the issuance of the show cause notice? 4. Whether the Petitioner is being subjected to double taxation for the same cause of action due to prior investigations and payments made? Petitioner's arguments: The adjudicating officer's prior involvement in the audit constitutes bias. The show cause notice was not issued within the prescribed time, rendering the adjudication order without jurisdiction. Previous investigations and payments mean the Petitioner cannot be made to pay again, violating Article 265. These are jurisdictional issues, justifying bypassing the alternate remedy. A previous, similar petition for the prior year was admitted and stayed. Respondents' arguments: The Petitioner has an alternate and efficacious remedy of appeal. The Petitioner has already applied for rectification, which is pending. The objection regarding bias is untenable and was not raised before the adjudicating authority. The impugned order was made within the limitation period. The argument based on earlier investigations is incorrect, and the issue of extension of limitation under Section 168A of the CGST Act, 2017, which was relevant in the cited previous case, does not arise here.
Sections Cited
Section 168A
AI-generated summary — verify with the full judgment below
Sayyed 23-WP.6431.2025.docx IN IN THE THE HIGH HIGH COURT COURT OF OF JUDICATURE JUDICATURE AT AT BOMBAY BOMBAY CIVIL APPELLATE JURI ICTION CIVIL APPELLATE JURI ICTION WRIT PETITION NO.6431 OF 2025 WRIT PETITION NO.6431 OF 2025 Tushar Builders & BKP Infra LLP Tushar Builders & BKP Infra LLP ...Petitioner ...Petitioner Versus Versus Deputy Commissioner of State Tax, Deputy Commissioner of State Tax, Shaniwarpeth-501, Pune & Ors. Shaniwarpeth-501, Pune & Ors. ...Respondents ...Respondents _____________________________________________________ Mr. Sanket S. Bora a/w Mr. Abhay Bora, Ms. Vidhi K. Punmiya, Ms. Mr. Sanket S. Bora a/w Mr. Abhay Bora, Ms. Vidhi K. Punmiya, Ms. Amiya R. Das & Ms. Unnatii A. Thakkar i/by SPCM Legal for Petitioner. Amiya R. Das & Ms. Unnatii A. Thakkar i/by SPCM Legal for Petitioner. Ms. Shruti D. Vyas, Addl. G. P. a/w Mr. Aditya R. Deolekar, AGP for Ms. Shruti D. Vyas, Addl. G. P. a/w Mr. Aditya R. Deolekar, AGP for Respondent Nos.1 & 2. Respondent Nos.1 & 2. _____________________________________________________ CORAM : M. S. Sonak & Jitendra Jain, JJ. DATED : 28 July 2025 PC.:-(Per M. S. Sonak, J.)
Heard Mr. Bora who appears with Heard Mr. Bora who appears with Ms. Punmiya Ms. Punmiya for the for the Petitioner and Ms. Vyas, learned Additional Government Pleader with Petitioner and Ms. Vyas, learned Additional Government Pleader with Mr. Mr. Deolekar, learned Assistant Government Pleader for Respondent Deolekar, learned Assistant Government Pleader for Respondent Nos.1 and 2. Nos.1 and 2. 2. The challenge in this petition is to the Order-in-Original dated The challenge in this petition is to the Order-in-Original dated 28 February 2025 (Exhibit-M). 28 February 2025 (Exhibit-M).
Though, the impugned order is appealable as accepted by the Though, the impugned order is appealable as accepted by the Petitioner in paragraph 11 of the petition, Mr. Bora, learned counsel for Petitioner in paragraph 11 of the petition, Mr. Bora, learned counsel for the Petitioner has contended that this is a matter where the adjudicating the Petitioner has contended that this is a matter where the adjudicating officer was involved with the audit and, therefore, this was a case of officer was involved with the audit and, therefore, this was a case of biased adjudication. Further he submitted that the impugned order has biased adjudication. Further he submitted that the impugned order has been made in breach of the limitation provisions. He submitted that a been made in breach of the limitation provisions. He submitted that a show cause notice was not issued three months prior to the last date of show cause notice was not issued three months prior to the last date of completing the adjudication process, and this renders the impugned completing the adjudication process, and this renders the impugned 2025:BHC-AS:32332-DB
Sayyed 23-WP.6431.2025.docx out that a Co-ordinate Bench admitted the petition and even stayed its out that a Co-ordinate Bench admitted the petition and even stayed its implementation. implementation.
Ms. Vyas submitted that the Petitioner has an alternate and Ms. Vyas submitted that the Petitioner has an alternate and efficacious remedy, and the reasons cited, apart from being untenable, efficacious remedy, and the reasons cited, apart from being untenable, are not sufficient to bypass such alternate remedies. She pointed out are not sufficient to bypass such alternate remedies. She pointed out that the Petitioner has already applied for rectification of the impugned that the Petitioner has already applied for rectification of the impugned order, and the same is pending. She further submitted that the objection order, and the same is pending. She further submitted that the objection regarding bias is untenable and, in any event, the same was never regarding bias is untenable and, in any event, the same was never raised before the adjudicating authority. raised before the adjudicating authority.
Ms. Vyas pointed out that the impugned order was made well Ms. Vyas pointed out that the impugned order was made well within the prescribed period of limitation and further the argument within the prescribed period of limitation and further the argument based on earlier investigation was incorrect and, in any event, the rule based on earlier investigation was incorrect and, in any event, the rule may have been issued in the said matter. She, however, pointed out that may have been issued in the said matter. She, however, pointed out that such issue was not available in the present matter. such issue was not available in the present matter. 1 [2025] 175 taxmann.com 825 (Bombay) Sayyed 23-WP.6431.2025.docx
We have considered the rival contentions, and we are satisfied
We have considered the rival contentions, and we are satisfied that no case is made out for bypassing the alternate statutory remedy that no case is made out for bypassing the alternate statutory remedy available to the Petitioner. available to the Petitioner.
The Petitioner has already applied for rectification, and the The Petitioner has already applied for rectification, and the rectification application is pending. In any event, the impugned Order- rectification application is pending. In any event, the impugned Order- in-Original is clearly appealable, and the reasons now cited are not in-Original is clearly appealable, and the reasons now cited are not sufficient to bypass this remedy. sufficient to bypass this remedy.
In the reply filed to the show cause notice, at least we did not In the reply filed to the show cause notice, at least we did not find any objection on the ground of bias raised. In any event, we do not find any objection on the ground of bias raised. In any event, we do not propose to shut out the Petitioner from raising such an argument if the propose to shut out the Petitioner from raising such an argument if the same is permissible. However, such an argument can be best examined same is permissible. However, such an argument can be best examined in an appeal where even the Respondents will have an opportunity to in an appeal where even the Respondents will have an opportunity to raise the issue of waiver. raise the issue of waiver.
The argument based on limitation can also be raised in an The argument based on limitation can also be raised in an appeal. At this stage, based on the argument raised, we are not satisfied appeal. At this stage, based on the argument raised, we are not satisfied that a case of the impugned order being that a case of the impugned order being ex facie ex facie without limitation is without limitation is made out. Again, we do not wish to shut out this contention, but we made out. Again, we do not wish to shut out this contention, but we believe that such a contention is best adjudicated by the Appellate believe that such a contention is best adjudicated by the Appellate Authority because a review of such a contention would also involve an Authority because a review of such a contention would also involve an investigation into factual aspects. investigation into factual aspects.
The argument about the previous investigation and payments The argument about the previous investigation and payments is again a matter which will involve an investigation into facts. The is again a matter which will involve an investigation into facts. The Petitioner virtually wishes to raise a plea like that of Petitioner virtually wishes to raise a plea like that of res judicata res judicata or or double taxation. This will involve an investigation and comparison of double taxation. This will involve an investigation and comparison of the two proceedings. Again, this is a matter which is best agitated the two proceedings. Again, this is a matter which is best agitated before the Appellate Authority constituted under the Act. before the Appellate Authority constituted under the Act.
The order cited for the previous year was made since there The order cited for the previous year was made since there was an issue of extension of the period of limitation by exercising was an issue of extension of the period of limitation by exercising Sayyed 23-WP.6431.2025.docx powers under Section 168A of the CGST Act, 2017. Several petitions powers under Section 168A of the CGST Act, 2017. Several petitions have been filed on this issue and are admitted. Such an issue, have been filed on this issue and are admitted. Such an issue, admittedly, does not arise in the present matter. Therefore, based on the admittedly, does not arise in the present matter. Therefore, based on the orders cited, there is no case made out to insist that this Court should orders cited, there is no case made out to insist that this Court should entertain the present petition. entertain the present petition.
In the case of In the case of Oberoi Constructions vs. Union of India & Ors. Oberoi Constructions vs. Union of India & Ors.2 this Court has considered several decisions of Co-ordinate Benches and this Court has considered several decisions of Co-ordinate Benches and of the Hon’ble Supreme Court on the issue of exhaustion of alternate of the Hon’ble Supreme Court on the issue of exhaustion of alternate remedies. By adopting the reasoning in the said decision and the remedies. By adopting the reasoning in the said decision and the precedents referred to therein, we decline to entertain this petition. precedents referred to therein, we decline to entertain this petition.
For all the above reasons, we dismiss this petition but with For all the above reasons, we dismiss this petition but with liberty to the Petitioner to avail the alternate remedy of appeal by liberty to the Petitioner to avail the alternate remedy of appeal by fulfilling the necessary pre-conditions for institution of such appeal, if fulfilling the necessary pre-conditions for institution of such appeal, if the Petitioner so chooses. the Petitioner so chooses.
All contentions of all parties on merits are left open, should All contentions of all parties on merits are left open, should the Petitioner wish to avail of the alternate remedy of appeal. None of the Petitioner wish to avail of the alternate remedy of appeal. None of the observations in this order need influence the Appellate Authority if the observations in this order need influence the Appellate Authority if the Petitioner indeed institutes any appeal against the Order-in-Original. the Petitioner indeed institutes any appeal against the Order-in-Original. The observations are only in the context of deciding whether the The observations are only in the context of deciding whether the Petitioner should be excused from the normal practice of exhaustion of Petitioner should be excused from the normal practice of exhaustion of alternate remedies. alternate remedies.
The Petition is dismissed with liberties in the above terms. No The Petition is dismissed with liberties in the above terms. No costs. costs. All concerned are to act on an authenticated copy of this order. All concerned are to act on an authenticated copy of this order. (Jitendra Jain, J.) (M. S. Sonak, J.) 2 (2025) 137 GSTR 601 Signed by: Sayyed Saeed Ali Designation: PA To Honourable Judge Date: 31/07/2025 11:11:32
Reproduced from the public record of the Bombay High Court. Verify against the court's own copy before relying on it. Income tax judgments are on bharattax.net.